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Taxation. International taxation is the study or determination of tax on a person or business subject to the tax laws of different countries, or the international aspects of an individual country's tax laws as the case may be. Governments usually limit the scope of their income taxation in some manner territorially or provide for offsets to ...
e. Tax avoidance is the legal usage of the tax regime in a single territory to one's own advantage to reduce the amount of tax that is payable by means that are within the law. A tax shelter is one type of tax avoidance, and tax havens are jurisdictions that facilitate reduced taxes. [1] Tax avoidance should not be confused with tax evasion ...
Double taxation is the levying of tax by two or more jurisdictions on the same income (in the case of income taxes), asset (in the case of capital taxes), or financial transaction (in the case of sales taxes). Double liability may be mitigated in a number of ways, for example, a jurisdiction may: fully tax the foreign-source income but give a ...
Dutch Sandwich is a base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) corporate tax tool, used mostly by U.S. multinationals to avoid incurring European Union withholding taxes on untaxed profits as they were being moved to non-EU tax havens (such as the Bermuda black hole). These untaxed profits could have originated from within the EU, or from outside ...
People sometimes use the terms “tax avoidance” and “tax evasion” interchangeably, but in the eyes of experts and the government there’s one big difference between the two: legality.
t. e. Tax evasion is an illegal attempt to lessen the payment of taxes by individuals, corporations, trusts, and others. Tax evasion often entails the deliberate misrepresentation of the taxpayer's affairs to the tax authorities to reduce the taxpayer's tax liability, and it includes dishonest tax reporting, declaring less income, profits, or ...
Richard Murphy (born 21 March 1958) is a British former chartered accountant and political economist who campaigns on issues of tax avoidance and tax evasion. [1] He advises the Trades Union Congress on economics and taxation, and founded the Tax Justice Network. He is a Professor of Accounting Practice at University of Sheffield Management School.
2007 – Original 1991 tax agreement is re-negotiated with Irish State (the second ruling cited by the EU Commission). 2013 – US Senate subcommittee examines offshore profit shifting and tax avoidance by Apple Inc. [36] 2014 – European Commission opens case against Apple Inc. in Ireland. [42] 2015 – Apple re-structures its two Irish ...