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Retrieved November 28, 2011. In A.D. 1232 an army of 30,000 Mongol warriors invaded the Chinese city of Kai-fung-fu, where the Chinese fought back with fire arrows...Mongol leaders learned from their enemies and found ways to make fire arrows even more deadly as their invasion spread toward Europe.
The Mongol invasions and conquests took place during the 13th and 14th centuries, creating history's largest contiguous empire, the Mongol Empire (1206 – 1368), which by 1260 covered large parts of Eurasia. Historians regard the Mongol devastation as one of the deadliest episodes in history. [4][5]
Mongol invasions of Central Europe (1240–1288) 1237–1240: Mongol invasions of Lithuania (first). late 1240–1241: First Mongol invasion of Poland (including Bohemia). March 1241 – April 1242: First Mongol invasion of Hungary. 1241: Battle of Legnica and Battle of Mohi. Devastation of parts of Poland and Hungary following Mongol victories.
A series of military conflicts between the Yuan dynasty and the Pagan Empire took place between 1277 and 1287, collectively known as the First Mongol invasion of Burma. The invasion toppled the 250-year-old Pagan Empire and the Yuan dynasty annexed Upper Burma. However, Yuan invasions of both Java and Vietnam resulted in failure.
The Golden Horde, self-designated as Ulug Ulus (lit. 'Great State' in Kipchak Turkic), [8] was originally a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. [9] With the division of the Mongol Empire after 1259, it became a functionally separate khanate.
Mongol invasions of Durdzuketi. During the 13th and 14th centuries, the Mongols launched two long, massive invasions of the territory of modern Chechnya and Ingushetia, which included the lands of Alania in the west, Simsir in the northeast, and the Georgian -allied polity of Durdzuketia in the south. [2][failed verification][3][4] They caused ...
Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'. The Mongol Empire invaded and conquered much of Kievan Rus' in the mid-13th century, sacking numerous cities including the largest: Kiev (50,000 inhabitants) and Chernigov (30,000 inhabitants). The siege of Kiev in 1240 by the Mongols is generally held to mark the end of the state of Kievan Rus', [ 1 ][ 2 ] which ...
The left wing in the east, also known as the "Blue Horde" by the Russians or the "White Horde" by the Timurids, was ruled by four Jochid khans under Orda Khan. The Golden Horde and its Rus' tributaries in 1313 under Öz Beg Khan. This is a timeline of events involving the Golden Horde (1242–1502), from 1459 also known as the Great Horde.