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Multivitamins nutrition facts label showing that the international unit of, for example, vitamins D and E correspond to different gram values. In pharmacology, the international unit (IU) is a unit of measurement for the effect or biological activity of a substance, for the purpose of easier comparison across similar forms of substances.
The enzyme unit, or international unit for enzyme (symbol U, sometimes also IU) is a unit of enzyme's catalytic activity. [1]1 U (μmol/min) is defined as the amount of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of one micro mole of substrate per minute under the specified conditions of the assay method.
See Weight for detail of mass/weight distinction and conversion. Avoirdupois is a system of mass based on a pound of 16 ounces, while Troy weight is the system of mass where 12 troy ounces equals one troy pound. The symbol g 0 is used to denote standard gravity in order to avoid confusion with the (upright) g symbol for gram.
For example, the US Adequate Intake recommendations from 1997 were 200 IU/day for infants, children, adults to age 50 and women during pregnancy or lactation, 400 IU/day for ages 51–70 and 600 IU/day for 71 and older. [168] Conversion: 1 μg (microgram) = 40 IU (international unit). [56]
International units (IU) are based on measured biological activity or effect, or for some substances, a specified equivalent mass. [citation needed] Enzyme activity is commonly used for e.g. liver function tests like AST, ALT, LD and γ-GT in Sweden. [5]
During lactation, the RDA increases to 1,200–1,300 RAE/day (about 4,000–4,300 IU, with differences depending on age). [3] Retinol Activity Units can only be converted to IU (International Units) when the source of the vitamin A is known. [3] The IU values listed above do not apply to food sources of vitamin A. [3]
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One can convert this definition to the number of international enzyme units (IU, enzyme activity that produces 1 μmole of product per minute) per gram of grain, for example. Maltose, the main sugar produced in mashing, is a disaccharide of glucose with one reducing equivalent (one reactive aldehyde group).