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Korsakoff syndrome (KS) [1] is a disorder of the central nervous system characterized by amnesia, deficits in explicit memory, and confabulation.This neurological disorder is caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B 1) in the brain, and it is typically associated with and exacerbated by the prolonged, excessive ingestion of alcohol. [2]
In some cases, the memory loss can extend back decades, while in other cases, people may lose only a few months of memory. Anterograde amnesia is the inability to transfer new information from the short-term store into the long-term store. People with anterograde amnesia cannot remember things for long periods of time.
A second cause is a traumatic brain injury in which damage is usually done to the hippocampus or surrounding cortices. It may also be caused by PTSD, a shocking event, or an emotional disorder. [5] Illness, though much rarer, can also cause anterograde amnesia if it causes encephalitis, which is the inflammation
Damage to the limbic system involves loss or damage to memory, and may include: [citation needed] loss or confusion of long-term memory prior to focal neuropathy (retrograde amnesia) inability to form new memories (anterograde amnesia) loss of, or reduced emotions ; loss of olfactory functions; loss of decision-making ability
Vascular thalamic amnesia occurs when the thalamus is affected by Korsakoff's syndrome or damaged by lacunar infarcts or hemorrhages. [1] Another common cause for damage to the thalamus that may contribute to the development of amnesia is a stroke. [ 2 ]
Both substance use and alcohol can cause both long-term and short-term memory loss, resulting in blackouts. The most commonly used group of prescription drugs which can produce amnesia are benzodiazepines, especially if combined with alcohol, however, in limited quantities, triazolam (Halcion) is not associated with amnesia or memory impairment ...
Childhood amnesia, also called infantile amnesia, is the inability of most adults to retrieve episodic memories (memories of situations or events) before the age of three to four years. It may also refer to the scarcity or fragmentation of memories recollected from early childhood, particularly occurring between the ages of 3 and 6.
People with the condition may also exhibit a dislike for sunlight and so may wish to stay indoors with the lights off. The mechanism of this degeneration is unknown, but it supports the current neurological theory that the mammillary bodies play a role in various "memory circuits" within the brain. An example of a memory circuit is the Papez ...