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Combined intracavernous injection and stimulation test or CIS test is the most commonly performed office diagnostic procedure for erectile dysfunction.It consists of an intracavernosal injection, visual or manual sexual stimulation, and a rating of the subsequent erection.
An intracavernous (or intracavernosal) injection is an injection into the base of the penis.This injection site is often used to administer medications to check for or treat erectile dysfunction in adult men (in, for example, a combined intracavernous injection and stimulation test). [1]
Trimix is a combination of three drugs: alprostadil, papaverine, and phentolamine. These medications work in combination to increase blood flow to the penis, resulting in an erection.
Chemical structure of sildenafil (Viagra), the prototypical PDE5 inhibitor. A phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5 inhibitor) is a vasodilating drug that works by blocking the degradative action of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) on cyclic GMP in the smooth muscle cells lining the blood vessels supplying various tissues.
Sildenafil, sold under the brand name Viagra among others, is a medication used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. [4] [8] It is also sometimes used off-label for the treatment of certain symptoms in secondary Raynaud's phenomenon. [9]
Lodenafil (also known as hydroxyhomosildenafil, trade name Helleva) is a drug belonging to a class of drugs called PDE5 inhibitor, which many other erectile dysfunction drugs such as sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil also belong to. Like udenafil and avanafil it belongs to a new generation of PDE5 inhibitors.
Venous leak, also called venogenic erectile dysfunction and penile venous insufficiency, is one category of vascular-induced (vasculogenic) impotence – a cause of erectile dysfunction in males. [2] It affects all ages, being particularly awkward in young men. [ 3 ]
The most common medications that cause priapism are intra-cavernous injections for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (papaverine, alprostadil). Other medication groups reported are antihypertensives (e.g. Doxazosin ), antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine , clozapine ), antidepressants (most notably trazodone ), anti-convulsant and mood ...