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Production casing is the final casing string set in a well and usually reaches from the surface to Target Depth (TD). The type of casing used depends upon the different conditions in the well. Commonly, production casing sizes range from 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (110 mm) to as large as 9 + 5 ⁄ 8 in (240 mm). It is the last string cemented in a well ...
The right hand valve is often called the flow wing valve or the production wing valve, because it is in the flowpath the hydrocarbons take to production facilities (or the path water or gas will take from production to the well in the case of injection wells). The left hand valve is often called the kill wing valve (KWV).
This refers to the portion of the well across the production or injection zone. The well designer has many tools and options available to design the lower completion (downhole completion) according to the conditions of the reservoir. Typically, the lower completion is set across the productive zone using a liner hanger system, which anchors the ...
For an injection well, the target is selected to locate the point of injection in a permeable zone that may support disposing of water or gas and/or pushing hydrocarbons into nearby production wells. The target (the endpoint of the well) will be matched with a surface location (the starting point of the well), and a trajectory between the two ...
Reservoir engineers could use the map as a part of their well drill planning. Reservoir engineering is a branch of petroleum engineering that applies scientific principles to the fluid flow through a porous medium during the development and production of oil and gas reservoirs so as to obtain a high economic recovery. The working tools of the ...
API 6A, 20th Edition, October 2010; Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment; ISO 10423:2009 Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment; In general well heads are five nominal ratings of wellheads: 2, 3, 5, 10 and 15 (×1000) psi working pressure. They have an operating temperature range of −50 to +250 degrees Fahrenheit. They are ...
Hydrocarbon reservoir properties, connectivity, hydrocarbon type and gas-oil and oil-water contacts are determined to calculate potential recoverable volumes. This is usually done by drilling more appraisal wells around the initial exploration well. Production tests may also give insight in reservoir pressures and connectivity.
1" (5 foot average) mud log showing heavy (hydrocarbons) (large area of yellow)Mud logging includes observation and microscopic examination of drill cuttings (formation rock chips), and evaluation of gas hydrocarbon and its constituents, basic chemical and mechanical parameters of drilling fluid or drilling mud (such as chlorides and temperature), as well as compiling other information about ...