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Willem Einthoven (21 May 1860 – 29 September 1927) was a Dutch medical doctor and physiologist. He invented the first practical electrocardiograph (ECG or EKG) in 1895 [ 1 ] and received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1924 for it ("for the discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram").
[4] Einthoven developed a sensitive form of string galvanomter that allowed photographic recording of the impulses associated with the heartbeat. He was a leader in applying the string galvanometer to physiology and medicine, leading to today's electrocardiography. [5] Einthoven was awarded the 1924 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine for his ...
However, Einthoven needed an exact way of measuring the minute amounts of current. In 1897 a French electrical engineer, Clement Ader, invented the "string galvanometer", containing a tensioned string of quartz. In 1903, Einthoven modified Ader's machine, adding electrodes attached to the patients limbs and thorax.
In 1904 he met Willem Einthoven at the International Physiological Congress in Brussels and then began to make use of a string galvanometer. He published on ECGs and vagus nerve stimulation experiments on frogs in 1908. [1] [2] He began to examine cardiac arrhythmias and their diagnosis. From 1903 to 1930 he worked at the department of zoology ...
Williams traveled to Holland to study the methods of Willem Einthoven in 1911. [ 2 ] He constructed the first string galvanometer in America, pioneered vectorcardiography , discovered the ventricular vulnerable period, and first determined the 60-Hz current required to produce ventricular fibrillation with body-surface electrodes.
The electrocardiograph was impractical to use until Willem Einthoven, a Dutch physiologist, innovated the use of the string galvanometer for cardiac signal amplification. [2] Significant improvements in amplifier technologies led to the usage of smaller electrodes that were more easily attached to body parts. [ 1 ]
Graphical representation of Einthoven's triangle. Einthoven's triangle is an imaginary formation of three limb leads in a triangle used in the electrocardiography, formed by the two shoulders and the pubis. [1] The shape forms an inverted equilateral triangle with the heart at the center. It is named after Willem Einthoven, who theorized its ...
Einthoven is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: Louis Einthoven (1896–1979), Dutch lawyer; Willem Einthoven (1860–1927), German physiologist