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Ionic was created by Drifty Co. in 2013. After releasing an alpha version of the framework in November 2013, a 1.0 beta was released in March 2014, a 1.0 final in May 2015, and several 2.0 releases in 2016. [6] Since January 2019, Ionic 4 allows developers to choose other frameworks apart from Angular like React, Vue.js, and web components. [7]
Google introduced Flutter for native app development. Built using Dart, C, C++ and Skia, Flutter is an open-source, multi-platform app UI framework. Prior to Flutter 2.0, developers could only target Android, iOS and the web. Flutter 2.0 released support for macOS, Linux, and Windows as a beta feature. [67]
Software architecture patterns operate at a higher level of abstraction than software design patterns, solving broader system-level challenges. While these patterns typically affect system-level concerns, the distinction between architectural patterns and architectural styles can sometimes be blurry. Examples include Circuit Breaker. [1] [2] [3]
In software engineering, a software design pattern or design pattern is a general, reusable solution to a commonly occurring problem in many contexts in software design. [1] A design pattern is not a rigid structure that can be transplanted directly into source code. Rather, it is a description or a template for solving a particular type of ...
In Test-Driven Development by Example, Kent Beck also suggests the principle "Fake it till you make it". To achieve some advanced design concept such as a design pattern, tests are written that generate that design. The code may remain simpler than the target pattern, but still pass all required tests.
Software architecture pattern is a reusable, proven solution to a specific, recurring problem focused on architectural design challenges, which can be applied within various architectural styles. [ 1 ]
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software (1994) is a software engineering book describing software design patterns. The book was written by Erich Gamma , Richard Helm , Ralph Johnson , and John Vlissides , with a foreword by Grady Booch .
The builder pattern is a design pattern that provides a flexible solution to various object creation problems in object-oriented programming.The builder pattern separates the construction of a complex object from its representation.