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F major is the home key of the English horn, the basset horn, the horn in F, the trumpet in F and the bass Wagner tuba. Thus, music in F major for these transposing instruments is written in C major. These instruments sound a perfect fifth lower than written, with the exception of the trumpet in F which sounds a fourth higher.
These notes correspond to the white keys on the keyboard of a piano or organ. The keys of A minor or C major and their scales contain all natural notes, whereas other scales and keys have at least one sharp or flat. F ♭, C ♭, E ♯, B ♯, and most notes inflected by double-flats and double-sharps correspond in pitch with natural notes but ...
[9] [10] The key note or tonic of a piece in a major key is a semitone above the last sharp in the signature. [11] For example, the key of D major has a key signature of F ♯ and C ♯, and the tonic (D) is a semitone above C ♯. Each scale starting on the fifth scale degree of the previous scale has one new sharp, added in the order shown. [10]
In a typical keyboard layout, black note keys have uniform width, and white note keys have uniform width and uniform spacing at the front of the keyboard. In the larger gaps between the black keys, the width of the natural notes C, D and E differ slightly from the width of keys F, G, A and B.
For example, in the key of D major, it is not generally correct to specify G ♭ as a melodic note, although its pitch may be the same as F ♯, as F ♯ is diatonic to D major, while G ♭ is not. [2] (In many tuning systems other than twelve tone equal temperament, the pitch of G ♭ is not the same as that of F ♯).
F-sharp major is the key of the minuets in Haydn's "Farewell" Symphony and of the String Quartet No. 5 from his Op. 76, of Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 24, Op. 78, Verdi's "Va, pensiero" from Nabucco, Mahler's unfinished Tenth Symphony, Korngold's Symphony Op. 40, and Scriabin's Fourth Piano Sonata.
25 Preludes in all major and minor keys, Op. 31: piano 1847 [aj] Major keys ascending chromatically from C alternate with minor keys ascending chromatically from f. There is a final 25th Prayer in C major. [57] [58] Peregrin Feigerl (1803–1877) [59] 24 Etudes or Caprices 2 violins 1847 C5 [n] [60] Charles-Valentin Alkan
A pair of major and minor scales sharing the same key signature are said to be in a relative relationship. [1] [2] The relative minor of a particular major key, or the relative major of a minor key, is the key which has the same key signature but a different tonic. (This is as opposed to parallel minor or major, which shares the same tonic.)
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