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These types were gradually combined around 1900 to form elementary schools, which were also known as "grammar schools". [71] [72] An analogous concept to the contemporary English grammar school is the magnet school, a state-funded secondary institution that may select students from a given school district according to academic criteria. [73]
The history of education in England is documented from Saxon settlement of England, and the setting up of the first cathedral schools in 597 and 604.. Education in England remained closely linked to religious institutions until the nineteenth century, although charity schools and "free grammar schools", which were open to children of any religious beliefs, became more common in the early ...
Many of the schools created since the 1870s were grammar schools, which offered places based on an entrance test. Places were highly desired and seen as offering a great chance at success. These schools were widely admired, and were to become a model for the tier-structured education reforms of the 1940s.
Most of the maintained grammar schools were closed or converted to comprehensive schools in the 1960s and 1970s, though a few local authorities resisted this move and retained a selective system. There are also a number of isolated grammar schools, which admit the candidates who score highest on their entry tests.
In 2018, new modern language GCSEs were introduced in England and Wales. In January 2019, the National Centre for Excellence for Language was established at the University of York, to coordinate modern language education in England, with nine school hubs across England; of the nine schools, two are grammar schools and two are faith schools.
Several grammar schools were established in Wales in the 16th and 17th centuries; [1] which catered to boys of "the middling sort". [2] Alongside the grammar schools, there were a small number of schools providing elementary education. [3] There were a variety of other more informal ways that some children may have received some basic education.
In the colony of Georgia, at least ten grammar schools were in operation by 1770, many taught by ministers. The Bethesda Orphan House educated children. Dozens of private tutors and teachers advertised their service in newspapers. A study of women's signatures indicates a high degree of literacy in areas with schools. [31]
The history of English grammars [1] [2] begins late in the sixteenth century with the Pamphlet for Grammar by William Bullokar. In the early works, the structure and rules of English grammar were based on those of Latin. A more modern approach, incorporating phonology, was introduced in the nineteenth century.