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Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a tick-borne disease caused by species of Borrelia bacteria, transmitted by blood-feeding ticks in the genus Ixodes. [4] [9] [10] The most common sign of infection is an expanding red rash, known as erythema migrans (EM), which appears at the site of the tick bite about a week afterwards. [1]
The initial sign of about 80% of Lyme infections is an erythema migrans (EM) rash at the site of a tick bite, often near skin folds, such as the armpit, groin, or back of knee, on the trunk, under clothing straps, or in children's hair, ear, or neck. [3] [10] Most people who get infected do not remember seeing a tick or the bite. The EM rash ...
Borrelia miyamotoi is a bacterium of the spirochete phylum in the genus Borrelia.A zoonotic organism, B. miyamotoi can infect humans through the bite of several species of hard-shell Ixodes ticks, the same kind of ticks that spread B. burgdorferi, the causative bacterium of Lyme disease.
A number of alternative health products are promoted for chronic Lyme disease, [8] of which possibly the most controversial and harmful is long-term antibiotic therapy, particularly intravenous antibiotics. [9] [10] Recognised authorities advise against long-term antibiotic treatment for Lyme disease, even where some symptoms persist post ...
This illness is a tick-borne disease carried by the lone star tick Amblyomma americanum. This tick was first proposed as a possible vector of disease in 1984, [2] and the illnesses associated with the tick called "Lyme-like disease", [3] but it was not recognized to be distinct from Lyme disease until the late 1990s. [4] [1]
Neuroborreliosis is often preceded by the typical symptoms of Lyme disease, which include erythema migrans and flu-like symptoms such as fever and muscle aches. Neurologic symptoms of neuroborreliosis include the meningoradiculitis (which is more common in European patients), cranial nerve abnormalities, and altered mental status.
It can be caused by infection, massage, electrical treatment, acne medication, allergies, exercise, solar radiation (), photosensitization, [3] acute radiation syndrome, mercury toxicity, blister agents, [4] niacin administration, [5] or waxing and tweezing of the hairs—any of which can cause the affected capillaries to dilate, resulting in redness.
Allen Caruthers Steere is an American rheumatologist. He is a professor of rheumatology at Harvard University and previously at Tufts University and Yale University.Steere and his mentor, Stephen Malawista of Yale University, are credited with discovering and naming Lyme disease, and he has published almost 300 scholarly articles on Lyme disease during his more than 40 years of studies of this ...