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4000 BC: Probable time period of the first diamond-mines in the world, in Southern India. [125] 4000 BC: Paved roads, in and around the Mesopotamian city of Ur, Iraq. [126] 4000 BC: Plumbing. The earliest pipes were made of clay, and are found at the Temple of Bel at Nippur in Babylonia. [127] [b]
Inv / Pat: The average number of inventors listed on the inventor's most recent 50 patents as of September 7, 2021 or on the date the inventor was added to the table if later. "NA" signifies the inventor was active prior to digital records. Pat Residence: The country of inventor's residence listed in their most recent patent issuance.
Ida Rosenthal (1886–1973), Belarus/Russia/U.S. – Bra , the standard of cup sizes, nursing bra, full-figured bra, the first seamed uplift bra (all with her husband William) Sidney Rosenthal (1907–1979), U.S. – Magic Marker; Eugene Roshal (born 1972), Russia – FAR file manager, RAR file format, WinRAR file archiver
Bell believed the photophone's principles were his life's "greatest achievement", telling a reporter shortly before his death that the photophone was "the greatest invention [I have] ever made, greater than the telephone". [160] The photophone was a precursor to the fiber-optic communication systems which achieved popular worldwide usage in the ...
Nikola Tesla (/ ˈ n ɪ k ə l ə ˈ t ɛ s l ə /; [1] Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Тесла, [nǐkola têsla]; 10 July 1856 – 7 January 1943) was a Serbian-American [2] [3] engineer, futurist, and inventor. He is known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system. [4]
Edison in 1861. Thomas Edison was born in 1847 in Milan, Ohio, but grew up in Port Huron, Michigan, after the family moved there in 1854. [8] He was the seventh and last child of Samuel Ogden Edison Jr. (1804–1896, born in Marshalltown, Nova Scotia) and Nancy Matthews Elliott (1810–1871, born in Chenango County, New York).
Leonhard Euler (/ ˈ ɔɪ l ər / OY-lər; [b] German: [ˈleːɔnhaʁt ˈʔɔʏlɐ] ⓘ, Swiss Standard German: [ˈleɔnhard ˈɔʏlər]; 15 April 1707 – 18 September 1783) was a Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, geographer, logician, and engineer who founded the studies of graph theory and topology and made pioneering and influential discoveries in many other branches of ...
1838: Matthias Schleiden: all plants are made of cells. 1838: Friedrich Bessel: first successful measure of stellar parallax (to star 61 Cygni). 1842: Christian Doppler: Doppler effect. 1843: James Prescott Joule: Law of Conservation of energy (First law of thermodynamics), also 1847 – Helmholtz, Conservation of energy.