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Radiation retinopathy is damage to retina due to exposure to ionizing radiation. Radiation retinopathy has a delayed onset, typically after months or years of radiation, and is slowly progressive. In general, radiation retinopathy is seen around 18 months after treatment with external-beam radiation and with brachytherapy.
Retinal hemorrhage (UK English: retinal haemorrhage) is a disorder of the eye in which bleeding occurs in the retina, the light sensitive tissue located on the back wall of the eye. [1] There are photoreceptor cells in the retina called rods and cones , which transduce light energy into nerve signals that can be processed by the brain to form ...
Bruises can appear as halos around a tattoo, or, if blood pools, as one larger bruise. This bluish or dark blurry halo that surrounds a tattoo can also be attributed to ink diffusion or 'blow-out'. Commonly mistaken for a hematoma, this discolouration occurs when tattoo pigments spread out into the subcutaneous tissue beneath the dermal skin ...
Photic retinopathy is damage to the eye's retina, particularly the macula, from prolonged exposure to solar radiation or other bright light, e.g., lasers or arc welders.The term includes solar, laser, and welder's retinopathy and is synonymous with retinal phototoxicity. [1]
Everyone knows that getting a tattoo is supposed to hurt, but not many know the science behind the process. In order for a tattoo to be permanent, ink has to get into the dermis.
For tattoos that cover an existing tattoo (see Notes & Exceptions): Parent/Guardian must be present during the procedure. [95] For piercings: Parent/Guardian must give written consent, be present during the procedure. [96] Minors over the age of sixteen may be tattooed to cover up an existing tattoo, with parent/guardian consent. [95]
Radiation, solar retinopathy, and retinopathy of prematurity fall under this category. The third common mechanism is occlusion of blood flow. This can be caused by either physically blocking the vessels of the retinal artery branches or causing the arteries to narrow. [2] Again, the result is reduced blood flow to the retina causing tissue damage.
Without treatment, people can go blind, and their pupils will dilate and stop reacting to light. Ethylene glycol, a component of automobile antifreeze, is a poison that is toxic to the whole body including the optic nerve. Consumption can be fatal, or recovery can occur with permanent neurologic and ophthalmologic deficits.