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Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3). It is a very common mineral, particularly as a component of limestone. Calcite defines hardness 3 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on scratch hardness comparison. Large calcite crystals are used in optical equipment, and limestone composed ...
Iceland spar, formerly called Iceland crystal (Icelandic: silfurberg [ˈsɪlvʏrˌpɛrk], lit. ' silver-rock ' ) and also called optical calcite , is a transparent variety of calcite , or crystallized calcium carbonate , originally brought from Iceland , and used in demonstrating the polarization of light .
If exiting the crystal through a face parallel to the incoming face, the direction of both rays will be restored, but leaving a shift between the two beams. This is commonly observed using a piece of calcite cut along its natural cleavage, placed above a paper with writing, as in the above photographs.
Dogtooth spar is a speleothem that consists of large calcite crystals that form through mineral precipitation of water-borne calcite. Dogtooth spar crystals are found in caves, open spaces including veins and fractures, and geodes. They are so named for their resemblance to dog's teeth. [1] The crystals are generally centimeters long, but ...
Calcite rafts on the surface of water in Carpinteria Reservoir. Calcite crystals form on the surface of quiescent bodies of water, even when the bulk water is not supersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate. The crystals grow, attach to one other and appear to be floating rafts of a white, opaque material.
Most frequently, spar describes easily cleaved, lightly colored nonmetallic minerals such as feldspar, calcite or baryte. Baryte (Ba S O 4), the main source of barium, is also called "heavy spar" (Greek "barys" means "heavy"). Calcite often forms the dogtooth spar crystals found in vugs and caves.
Construction marble is a stone which is composed of calcite, dolomite or serpentine that is capable of taking a polish. [20] More generally in construction , specifically the dimension stone trade, the term marble is used for any crystalline calcitic rock (and some non-calcitic rocks) useful as building stone.
Calcite crystals from Irai, Brazil. Calcite can be either dissolved by groundwater or precipitated by groundwater, [5] depending on several factors including the water temperature, pH, and dissolved ion concentrations. Calcite exhibits an unusual characteristic called retrograde solubility in which it becomes less soluble in water as the ...
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