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Human isogenic disease models have been likened to 'patients in a test-tube', since they incorporate the latest research into human genetic diseases and do so without the difficulties and limitations involved in using non-human models. [2] Historically, cells obtained from animals, typically mice, have been used to model cancer-related pathways.
Cancer systems biology approaches, therefore, are based on the use of computational and mathematical methods to decipher the complexity in tumorigenesis as well as cancer heterogeneity. [4] Cancer systems biology encompasses concrete applications of systems biology approaches to cancer research, notably (a) the need for better methods to ...
Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent haematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood. [10] [11] [12] It may be autologous (the patient's own stem cells are used), allogeneic (the stem cells come from a donor) or syngeneic (from an identical ...
The cancer stem cell model, also known as the Hierarchical Model proposes that tumors are hierarchically organized (CSCs lying at the apex [6] (Fig. 3).) Within the cancer population of the tumors there are cancer stem cells (CSC) that are tumorigenic cells and are biologically distinct from other subpopulations [7] They have two defining features: their long-term ability to self-renew and ...
The initial concepts that led to the Virtual Physiological Human initiative came from the IUPS Physiome Project.The project was started in 1997 and represented the first worldwide effort to define the physiome through the development of databases and models which facilitated the understanding of the integrative function of cells, organs, and organisms. [7]
Follow-up of cancer patients after successful treatment; Palliative care of patients with terminal malignancies; Ethical questions surrounding cancer care; Screening efforts: of populations, or; of the relatives of patients (in types of cancer that are thought to have a hereditary basis, such as breast cancer)
Colon cancer provides one example of the mechanisms by which diet, the top factor listed in the table, is an external factor in cancer. The Western diet of African Americans in the United States is associated with a yearly colon cancer rate of 65 per 100,000 individuals, while the high fiber/low fat diet of rural Native Africans in South Africa is associated with a yearly colon cancer rate of ...
An animal model (short for animal disease model) is a living, non-human, often genetic-engineered animal used during the research and investigation of human disease, for the purpose of better understanding the disease process without the risk of harming a human. Although biological activity in an animal model does not ensure an effect in humans ...