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"ATM machine" is a common example of RAS syndrome. RAS syndrome, where RAS stands for redundant acronym syndrome (making the phrase "RAS syndrome" autological), is the redundant use of one or more of the words that make up an acronym in conjunction with the abbreviated form. This means, in effect, repeating one or more words from the acronym.
The fundamental principle of ECC is to add redundant bits in order to help the decoder to find out the true message that was encoded by the transmitter. The code-rate of a given ECC system is defined as the ratio between the number of information bits and the total number of bits (i.e., information plus redundancy bits) in a given communication ...
The original construction of Reed & Solomon (1960) interprets the message x as the coefficients of the polynomial p, whereas subsequent constructions interpret the message as the values of the polynomial at the first k points , …, and obtain the polynomial p by interpolating these values with a polynomial of degree less than k.
CRCs are so called because the check (data verification) value is a redundancy (it expands the message without adding information) and the algorithm is based on cyclic codes. CRCs are popular because they are simple to implement in binary hardware , easy to analyze mathematically, and particularly good at detecting common errors caused by noise ...
In computer programming, redundant code is source code or compiled code in a computer program that is unnecessary, such as: recomputing a value that has previously been calculated [ 1 ] and is still available,
allowSmall – whether a small version of the message box can be produced with "small=yes". smallParam – a custom name for the small parameter. For example, if set to "left" you can produce a small message box using "small=left". smallClass – the class to use for small message boxes. substCheck – whether to perform a subst check or not.
Computation of a cyclic redundancy check is derived from the mathematics of polynomial division, modulo two. In practice, it resembles long division of the binary message string, with a fixed number of zeroes appended, by the "generator polynomial" string except that exclusive or operations replace subtractions.
Message-oriented middleware is in contrast to streaming-oriented middleware where data is communicated as a sequence of bytes with no explicit message boundaries. Note that streaming protocols are almost always built above protocols using discrete messages such as frames ( Ethernet ), datagrams ( UDP ), packets ( IP ), cells ( ATM ), et al.