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The term Maratha referred broadly to all the speakers of the Marathi language. [33] [3] In the 17th century, it also served as a designation for peasants from the Deccan Plateau who served as soldiers in the armies of Muslim rulers and later in the armies of Shivaji. Thus, the term Maratha became a marker of an endogamous caste for them. [34]
The state Government of Maharashtra does not recognise a group called Maratha-Kunbi. [36] According to Irawati Karve, the Marata-Kunbi form over 40% of the population of Western Maharashtra. [37] Later in 1990, Lele records that the Maratha-Kunbi group of castes account for 31% of the population, distributed over the whole of Maharashtra. [30]
In Maratha society, membership of a Kul or clan is acquired in a patrilineal manner. People belonging to a clan usually have a common surname, a common clan deity, and a common clan totem . [12] Various lists have been compiled, purporting to list the 96 "true Maratha" clans, but these lists vary greatly and are disputed.
Sambhaji, (1657–1689), son of Shivaji; second Chhatrapati of Maratha Empire. [3] Tarabai (née Mohite) (1675–1761), led Maratha resistance against the Mughals after the death of her husband, Rajaram I.Set up the Kolhapur house of Bhonsle and acted as regent for her young son, Shivaji II from 1700 to 1712. [4]
Tukaram - Referred to as Sant Tukaram or Tukaram Maharaj, a 17th century Maharashtrian saint. [1]Gulabrao Maharaj - Although blind, he was still credited with giving a vision of life to the people.
The following list shows the 33 largest Scheduled Tribes according to the Census in India 2011 (76% ≈ 80 of a total of 104 million members) with their population development (population explosion from +25%), their proportions and their gender distribution (number of female relatives per 1000 male) as well as the populated states/territories ...
For the first time, the creation of Maharashtra brought most Marathi people under one state with the mainly rural Kunbi-Maratha community as the largest social group. This group has dominated the rural economy and politics of the state since 1960. [85] [86] The community accounts for 31% of the population of Maharashtra.
Iravati Karve, an anthropologist, showed how the Maratha caste was generated from Kunbis who simply started calling themselves "Maratha". She states that Maratha, Kunbi and Mali are the three main farming communities of Maharashtra – the difference being that the Marathas and Kunbis were "dry farmers" whereas the Mali farmed throughout the year.