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The lists are commonly used in economics literature to compare the levels of ethnic, cultural, linguistic and religious fractionalization in different countries. [1] [2] Fractionalization is the probability that two individuals drawn randomly from the country's groups are not from the same group (ethnic, religious, or whatever the criterion is).
The continent of Europe, including transcontinental countries St. Peter's Basilica, viewed from the Tiber, the Vatican Hill in the back and Castel Sant'Angelo to the right, Rome (both the basilica and the hill are part of the sovereign state of Vatican City, the Holy See of the Catholic Church).
Eastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent. As a largely ambiguous term, it has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural, and socio-economic connotations. Its eastern boundary is marked by the Ural Mountains, whilst its western boundary is defined in various ways. [1]
Russia is among the most survival-value oriented countries, and at the other end, Sweden ranks highest on the self-expression chart. [4] It has also been found that basic cultural values overwhelmingly apply on national lines, with cross-border intermixtures being relatively rare. This is true even between countries with shared cultural histories.
Drill down into Europe and what you have is an eclectic collection of regions, cities and cultures. And within each of them are particular – and often quirky– traditions that survive to this day.
For instance, the Balkans is a distinct geographical region within Europe, but individual countries may alternatively be grouped into South-eastern Europe or Southern Europe. Regional affiliation of countries may also evolve over time. Malta was considered an island of North Africa for centuries, [1] but is now considered a part of Southern ...
Central Europe is a geographical region of Europe between Eastern, Southern, Western and Northern Europe. [3] [4] Central Europe is known for its cultural diversity; [5] [6] however, countries in this region also shares historical and cultural similarities.
Due to the great number of perspectives which can be taken on the subject, it is impossible to form a single, all-embracing conception of European culture. [64] Nonetheless, there are core elements which are generally agreed upon as forming the cultural foundation of modern Europe. [65] One list of these elements given by K. Bochmann includes: [66]