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On 13 March [O.S. 1 March] 1881, Alexander II, the Emperor of Russia, was assassinated in Saint Petersburg, Russia while returning to the Winter Palace from Mikhailovsky Manège in a closed carriage. The assassination was planned by the Executive Committee of Narodnaya Volya ("People's Will"), chiefly by Andrei Zhelyabov .
The assassination triggered major suppression of civil liberties in Russia, and police brutality burst back in full force after experiencing some restraint under the reign of Alexander II, whose death was witnessed first-hand by his son, Alexander III, and his grandson, Nicholas II, both future emperors who vowed not to have the same fate ...
The direct trigger for the pogrom in Kiev, as in other places, was the assassination of Tsar Alexander II on 1 March (13 March) 1881, for which the instigators blamed the Russian Jews. [5] Nevertheless, the Southern-Russian Workers' Union substantially contributed to the spread and continuation of violence by printing and mass distributing a ...
Hesya Mirovna (Meerovna) Helfman [note 1] (Yiddish: העסיע העלפֿמאַן; Russian: Геся Мировна (Мееровна) Гельфман, romanized: Gesya Mirovna Gelfman; 1855 [note 2] — 13 February [O.S. 1 February] 1882) was a Belarusian-Jewish revolutionary member of Narodnaya Volya, who was implicated in the assassination of Alexander II of Russia.
Nikolai Ivanovich Kibalchich (Russian: Николай Иванович Кибальчич; Ukrainian: Микола Іванович Кибальчич, romanized: Mykola Ivanovych Kybalchych; 19 October 1853 [1] – April 3, 1881 [2] [3]) was a Russian revolutionary who took part in the assassination of Tsar Alexander II as the main explosive expert for Narodnaya Volya ("People's Will"), and ...
Sophia Perovskaya and her husband Andrei Zhelyabov at the Pervomartovtsy trial. Perovskaya participated in preparing assassination attempts on Alexander II of Russia near Moscow (November 1879), in Odessa (spring of 1880), and Saint Petersburg (the attempt that eventually killed him, 1 March 1881).
In 1855, Alexander II began his reign as Tsar of Russia and presided over a period of political and social reform, notably the emancipation of serfs in 1861 and the lifting of censorship. His successor Alexander III (r. 1881–1894) pursued a policy of repression and restricted public expenditure, but continued land and labour reforms.
Five conspirators to be hanged. Pervomartovtsy (Russian: Первома́ртовцы; a compound term literally meaning those of March 1) were the Russian revolutionaries, members of Narodnaya Volya, planners and executors of the assassination of Alexander II of Russia (March 1, 1881) and the attempted assassination of Alexander III of Russia (March 1, 1887, also known as "The Second First of ...