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Non-Muslim Provinces under Early Islam: Islamic Rule and Iranian Legitimacy in Armenia and Caucasian Albania is a book by Alison Vacca about medieval Armenia and Caucasian Albania. The book deals with the change from Sasanian rule to caliphal rule within these two predominantly Christian polities who were part of the Iranian cultural sphere. [ 1 ]
Some laymen non-denominational Muslims exhibit hostility towards the notion that Islam is divided into the binary subdivisions of Sunnism and Shiaism, thereby erasing space for the unaffiliated non-denominational Muslims. [14] Non-denominational Islam has been described as a generic or a broad run-of-the-mill approach to the faith. [1]
In Islam it is considered a blessing to take care of an orphan, in fact it is considered a duty to some. [3] Thus many Muslims say that it is forbidden by Islamic law to adopt a child (in the common sense of the word), but permissible to take care of another child, which is known in Arabic as الكفالة ( kafala ), and is translated ...
In 2010, 74.1% of the world's Muslim population lived in countries where Muslims are in the majority, while 25.9% of the world's Muslim population lived in countries where Muslims are in the minority. [113] A Pew Center study in 2010 found that 3% of the world's Muslims population live in non-Muslim-majority developed countries. [113]
In several countries, self-reported Muslims practice the religion at low levels. According to a 2012 survey by Pew Research Center, who interviewed Muslims across the world, about 1% of those interviewed in Azerbaijan, 5% in Albania, 9% in Uzbekistan, 10% in Kazakhstan, 19% in Russia, and 22% in Kosovo said that they attend mosque once a week or more.
Sikhs, Hindus, Christians, and other non-Muslim minorities reported continued harassment from Muslims. Baha'is and Christians continued to live in constant fear of exposure. [7] In 2022, Freedom House rated Afghanistan's religious freedom as 1 out of 4. [10] In 2023, it was reported that violations against minorities had increased after ...
The government restricts the distribution of non-Islamic religious materials, as well as Islamic materials it deemed inconsistent with the Maliki-Ashʿari school of Sunni Islam. [1] Religious organizations for faiths other than Sunni Islam and Judaism are required to register with the government as associations in order to operate and own land.
Jihad is differentiated further in respect to the requirements within Muslim-governed lands (Dar al-Islam) and non-Muslim lands, both friendly and hostile. [ 1 ] According to Shaheen Sardar Ali and Javaid Rehman, both professors of law, the Islamic military jurisprudence are in line with rules of modern international law.