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According to Gauss’s law, a conductor at equilibrium carrying an applied current has no charge on its interior.Instead, the entirety of the charge of the conductor resides on the surface, and can be expressed by the equation: = where E is the electric field caused by the charge on the conductor and is the permittivity of the free space.
This value of μ is called the low-field mobility. As the electric field is increased, however, the carrier velocity increases sublinearly and asymptotically towards a maximum possible value, called the saturation velocity v sat. For example, the value of v sat is on the order of 1×10 7 cm/s for both electrons and holes in Si.
The electric field of such a uniformly moving point charge is hence given by: [25] = () /, where is the charge of the point source, is the position vector from the point source to the point in space, is the ratio of observed speed of the charge particle to the speed of light and is the angle between and the observed velocity of the charged ...
A field has a consistent tensorial character wherever it is defined: i.e. a field cannot be a scalar field somewhere and a vector field somewhere else. For example, the Newtonian gravitational field is a vector field: specifying its value at a point in spacetime requires three numbers, the components of the gravitational field vector at that point.
The force acting on a point charge due to a system of point charges is simply the vector addition of the individual forces acting alone on that point charge due to each one of the charges. The resulting force vector is parallel to the electric field vector at that point, with that point charge removed.
It says that the electromagnetic force on a charge q is a combination of (1) a force in the direction of the electric field E (proportional to the magnitude of the field and the quantity of charge), and (2) a force at right angles to both the magnetic field B and the velocity v of the charge (proportional to the magnitude of the field, the ...
The electric field is determined by using the above relation along with other boundary conditions on the polarization density to yield the bound charges, which will, in turn, yield the electric field. [1] In a linear, homogeneous, isotropic dielectric with instantaneous response to changes in the electric field, P depends linearly on the ...
In other words, the greater the distance from the conductor, the more the electric field lags. [ 4 ] Since the velocity of propagation is very high – about 300,000 kilometers per second – the wave of an alternating or oscillating current, even of high frequency, is of considerable length.