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Paris (French pronunciation: ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of France.With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 [3] in an area of more than 105 km 2 (41 sq mi), [4] Paris is the fourth-most populous city in the European Union, the ninth-most populous city in Europe and the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2022. [5]
Troyes (1419–1422), for a short time during the Hundred Years' War, the city was the seat of the royal government. Bourges (1422–1444), Charles VII was forced to flee from Paris. Tours (1444–1527), Louis XI made the Château de Plessis-lez-Tours his residence. Paris (1528–1589), Francis I had established his court in Paris.
French name Other local name(s) INSEE No. [3] Capital Derivation or etymology; Alsace: Alsace: Alsatian: Elsàss German: Elsass: 42 Strasbourg: Formerly a coalition of free cities in Holy Roman Empire, attached to Kingdom of France in 1648; annexed by Germany from Franco-Prussian war to the end of World War I and briefly during World War II ...
Map of metropolitan France. As of January 2019, there were 473 communes in France (metropolitan territory and overseas departments and regions) with population over 20,000, 280 communes with population over 30,000, 129 communes with population over 50,000 and 42 communes with population over 100,000. [1]
The list below shows the major provinces of France at the time of their dissolution during the French Revolution. Capital cities are shown in parentheses. Bold indicates a city that was also the seat of a judicial and quasi-legislative body called either a parlement (not to be confused with a parliament) or a conseil souverain (sovereign ...
The city of Paris became a distinct département of its own, retaining the Seine's departmental number of 75, originating from the Seine département's position in France's alphabetical list. Three new départements of Hauts-de-Seine , Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne were created and given the numbers 92, 93, and 94, respectively.
In metropolitan France the largest commune is the commune of Arles (50,513 inhabitants) near Marseille, the territory of which encompasses most of the Camargue (the delta of the Rhône): 8.7 times the area of the city of Paris (excluding the outlying parks of Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes) at 759 square kilometres (293 sq mi).
Uniquely among French cities, Paris is both a municipality (commune) and a department (département). Under the PLM Law (Loi PLM) of 1982, which redefined the governance of Paris, Lyon, and Marseille, hence the PLM acronym, there are both a city council called the Council of Paris, and 20 arrondissement councils in Paris. The PLM Law set limits ...