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As of HTML5 the recommended charset is UTF-8. [3] An "encoding sniffing algorithm" is defined in the specification to determine the character encoding of the document based on multiple sources of input, including: Explicit user instruction; An explicit meta tag within the first 1024 bytes of the document
Web pages authored using HyperText Markup Language may contain multilingual text represented with the Unicode universal character set.Key to the relationship between Unicode and HTML is the relationship between the "document character set", which defines the set of characters that may be present in an HTML document and assigns numbers to them, and the "external character encoding", or "charset ...
In HTML and XML, a numeric character reference refers to a character by its Universal Coded Character Set/Unicode code point, and uses the format: &#xhhhh;. or &#nnnn; where the x must be lowercase in XML documents, hhhh is the code point in hexadecimal form, and nnnn is the code point in decimal form.
UTF-8 is also the recommendation from the WHATWG for HTML and DOM specifications, and stating "UTF-8 encoding is the most appropriate encoding for interchange of Unicode" [4] and the Internet Mail Consortium recommends that all e‑mail programs be able to display and create mail using UTF-8.
A common media type parameter is charset, specifying the character set of the media type, where the value is from the IANA list of character set names. [6] If one is not specified, the media type of the data URI is assumed to be text/plain;charset=US-ASCII. An optional base64 extension base64, separated from the preceding part by a semicolon.
Punched tape with the word "Wikipedia" encoded in ASCII.Presence and absence of a hole represents 1 and 0, respectively; for example, W is encoded as 1010111.. Character encoding is the process of assigning numbers to graphical characters, especially the written characters of human language, allowing them to be stored, transmitted, and transformed using computers. [1]
Character encoding detection, charset detection, or code page detection is the process of heuristically guessing the character encoding of a series of bytes that represent text. The technique is recognised to be unreliable [ 1 ] and is only used when specific metadata , such as a HTTP Content-Type: header is either not available, or is assumed ...
To use Unicode in certain email header fields, e.g. subject lines, sender and recipient names, the Unicode text has to be encoded using a MIME "Encoded-Word" with a Unicode encoding as the charset. To use Unicode in the domain part of email addresses, IDNA encoding must traditionally be used.