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The study concluded that “there is reason to believe that strategic leaders contribute to nonprofit organizational performance in ways consistent with strategic leadership theory. However, there is evidence in the study suggesting that the exercise of strategic leadership is different in the nonprofit context (Phipps & Burbach, 2010)”.
Warden's theories on the application of air power in modern war have been criticized as little more than a reiteration of earlier strategic bombing concepts discredited by historical analysis of the Second World War and the Vietnam War, similar to the effect on the writings of Giulio Douhet. Warden differs from Douhet in assigning leadership ...
These strategic choices formed part of an organizational learning process that adapted to the external environment as well as the internal political situation. Apart from (but complementary to) organizational settings, strategic choice theory was studied with regard to individual's responses in ordinary, everyday disputes.
The contingency theory is also beneficial as it widened our understanding of leadership, by persuading individuals to consider the various impacts of situations on leaders. Another strength of the contingency theory is its predictive nature that provides an understanding to the types of leaders that will be most effective in specific situations.
James G. March - theory of the firm (1960s) Constantinos Markides - strategic management and strategy dynamics (1990s) Harry Markowitz - modern portfolio theory (1960s, 1970s), Nobel Prize in 1990; Perry Marshall; John C. Maxwell - leadership (1990s, 2000s, 2010s) Elton Mayo - job satisfaction and Hawthorne effect (1920s, 1930s) John H. McArthur
The neo-emergent leadership theory (from the Oxford Strategic Leadership Programme [85]) sees leadership as an impression formed through the communication of information by the leader or by other stakeholders, [86] not through the actions of the leader.
VUCA is an acronym based on the leadership theories of Warren Bennis and Burt Nanus, to describe or to reflect on the volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity of general conditions and situations.
Complexity theory emphasizes interactions and the accompanying feedback loops that constantly change systems. While it proposes that systems are unpredictable, they are also constrained by order-generating rules. [6]: 74 Complexity theory has been used in the fields of strategic management and organizational studies.