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This is a complete list of clinically approved prescription antidepressants throughout the world, as well as clinically approved prescription drugs used to augment antidepressants or mood stabilizers, by pharmacological and/or structural classification.
The World Health Organisation has stated that depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and a major contributor to the global burden of disease. [5] Stephen Ilardi has described depression as a "disease of civilisation", stating "We were never designed for the sedentary, indoor, sleep-deprived, socially-isolated, fast-food-laden, frenetic pace of modern life".
[22] [23] Liothyronine (synthetic T 3) is a type of thyroid hormone and has been associated with improvement in mood and depression symptoms. Benzodiazepines may improve treatment-resistant depression by decreasing the adverse side effects caused by some antidepressants and therefore increasing patient compliance. [24]
Research regarding the effectiveness of antidepressants for depression in adults is controversial and has found both benefits [14] and drawbacks. [15] Meanwhile, evidence of benefit in children and adolescents is unclear, [ 16 ] [ 17 ] even though antidepressant use has considerably increased in children and adolescents in the 2000s. [ 18 ]
Fluoxetine, sold under the brand name Prozac, among others, is an antidepressant medication of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class [2] used for the treatment of major depressive disorder, anxiety, obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and bulimia nervosa. [2]
The cause of depression is believed to be due to a combined effect of genetic and environmental factors. [11] Other medical conditions, for example hypothyroidism, may cause people to experience similar symptoms as a major depressive episode. [20]
Signs and symptoms of toxicity include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and ataxia. [3] The most common side effects are lethargy and weight gain (up to 2 kilograms (4.4 lb)). [ 4 ] The less common side effects of using lithium are blurred vision, a slight tremble in the hands, and a feeling of being mildly ill.
The rate of hypotension or orthostatic hypotension with the selegiline patch was 2.2% versus 0.5% with placebo in clinical trials of people with depression. [27] Significant orthostatic blood pressure changes (≥10 mm Hg decrease) occurred in 9.8% versus 6.7% with placebo, but most of these cases were asymptomatic and heart rate was unchanged.