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Puberty is the process of physical changes through which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction. It is initiated by hormonal signals from the brain to the gonads : the ovaries in a female, the testicles in a male.
[20] [21] Puberty which starts earlier than usual is known as precocious puberty, and puberty which starts later than usual is known as delayed puberty. Notable among the morphologic changes in size, shape, composition, and functioning of the pubertal body, is the development of secondary sex characteristics , the "filling in" of the child's ...
Most of the changes of virilization are produced by androgens. Virilization is a medical term commonly used in three medical and biology of sex contexts: prenatal biological sexual differentiation , the postnatal changes of typical chromosomal male (46, XY) puberty , and excessive androgen effects in typical chromosomal females (46, XX).
The increased secretion of testosterone from the testes during puberty causes the male secondary sexual characteristics to be manifested. [23] Testosterone directly increases size and mass of muscles , vocal cords , and bones , deepening of the voice , and changing the shape of the face and skeleton . [ 1 ]
In the first three units the programme includes gently introducing sex education to younger children, through puberty and birth, to media images, same-sex relationships and teenage pregnancy. The fourth unit covers puberty and body image in more detail, with a focus on maintaining a healthy mind and body.
Female puberty triggers bodily changes that enable sexual reproduction via fertilization. In response to chemical signals from the pituitary gland , the ovaries secrete hormones that stimulate maturation of the body, including increased height and weight, body hair growth, breast development and menarche (the onset of menstruation).
Gonadarche (/ ˌ ɡ oʊ n ə ˈ d ɑːr k i /) refers to the earliest gonadal (reproductive gland) changes of puberty. [1] In response to pituitary gonadotropins, the ovaries in females and the testes in males begin to grow and increase the production of the sex steroids, especially estradiol and testosterone. [2]
The book How the Way We Talk Can Change the Way We Work presents a practical method called the "immunity map" to help people overcome an immunity to change, an obstacle to further psychological development. [43] The map is made of a four-column worksheet that guides a process of self-reflective inquiry.