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Highly oxidized red soil in Tirunelveli District, India. Red colors often indicate iron accumulation or oxidation in oxygen-rich, well-aerated soils. [4] Iron concentrations caused by redox reactions because of diffusion of iron in crystalline and metermorphic rock, in periodically saturated soils may also present red colors, particularly along root channels or pores.
In colorimetry, the Munsell color system is a color space that specifies colors based on three properties of color: hue (basic color), value , and chroma (color intensity). It was created by Albert H. Munsell in the first decade of the 20th century and adopted by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) as the official color system ...
Soil morphology is the branch of soil science dedicated to the technical description of soil, [1] particularly physical properties including texture, color, structure, and consistence. Morphological evaluations of soil are typically performed in the field on a soil profile containing multiple horizons .
PDF version of the chart. The colors of the chart were described by McCamy et al. with colorimetric measurements using the CIE 1931 2° standard observer and Illuminant C, and also in terms of the Munsell color system. Using measured reflectance spectra, it is possible to derive CIELAB coordinates for Illuminants D 65 and D 50 and coordinates ...
Soil color, while easily discerned, has little use in predicting soil characteristics. [109] It is of use in distinguishing boundaries of horizons within a soil profile, [ 110 ] determining the origin of a soil's parent material , [ 111 ] as an indication of wetness and waterlogged conditions, [ 112 ] and as a qualitative means of measuring ...
Soil texture triangle showing the USDA classification system based on grain size Map of global soil regions from the USDA. For soil resources, experience has shown that a natural system approach to classification, i.e. grouping soils by their intrinsic property (soil morphology), behaviour, or genesis, results in classes that can be interpreted for many diverse uses.
The Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) is a soil classification system used in engineering and geology to describe the texture and grain size of a soil. The classification system can be applied to most unconsolidated materials, and is represented by a two-letter symbol. Each letter is described below (with the exception of Pt):
Redoximorphic features (RMFs) consist of color patterns in a soil that are caused by loss (depletion) or gain (concentration) of pigment compared to the matrix color, formed by oxidation/reduction of iron and/or manganese coupled with their removal, translocation, or accrual; or a soil matrix color controlled by the presence of iron (2+) [1] The composition and responsible formation processes ...