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The values of sine and cosine of 30 and 60 degrees are derived by analysis of the equilateral triangle. In an equilateral triangle, the 3 angles are equal and sum to 180°, therefore each corner angle is 60°. Bisecting one corner, the special right triangle with angles 30-60-90 is obtained.
A formula for computing the trigonometric identities for the one-third angle exists, but it requires finding the zeroes of the cubic equation 4x 3 − 3x + d = 0, where is the value of the cosine function at the one-third angle and d is the known value of the cosine function at the full angle.
The fixed point iteration x n+1 = cos(x n) with initial value x 0 = −1 converges to the Dottie number. Zero is the only real fixed point of the sine function; in other words the only intersection of the sine function and the identity function is sin ( 0 ) = 0 {\displaystyle \sin(0)=0} .
The degree Celsius is the unit of temperature on the Celsius temperature scale [1] (originally known as the centigrade scale outside Sweden), [2] one of two temperature scales used in the International System of Units (SI), the other being the closely related Kelvin scale.
If units of degrees are intended, the degree sign must be explicitly shown (sin x°, cos x°, etc.). Using this standard notation, the argument x for the trigonometric functions satisfies the relationship x = (180 x / π )°, so that, for example, sin π = sin 180° when we take x = π .
The values for a/b·2π can be found by applying de Moivre's identity for n = a to a b th root of unity, which is also a root of the polynomial x b - 1 in the complex plane. For example, the cosine and sine of 2π ⋅ 5/37 are the real and imaginary parts , respectively, of the 5th power of the 37th root of unity cos(2π/37) + sin(2π/37)i ...
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The formulas for addition and subtraction involving a small angle may be used for interpolating between trigonometric table values: Example: sin(0.755) = (+) + () + () where the values for sin(0.75) and cos(0.75) are obtained from trigonometric table. The result is accurate to the four digits given.