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3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. [1] [2] [3] It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer control, [4] with the material being added together (such as plastics, liquids or powder grains being fused), typically layer by layer.
3D printing is used to manufacture moulds for making jewelry, and even the jewelry itself. [102] 3D printing is becoming popular in the customisable gifts industry, with products such as personalized models of art and dolls, [103] in many shapes: in metal or plastic, or as consumable art, such as 3D printed chocolate. [104]
Cults was founded in 2014 and is the first fully independent 3D printing marketplace. [1]In 2015, La Poste established a partnership with Cults and 3D Slash to develop impression3d.laposte.fr, a digital manufacturing service, allowing users to have objects printed and shipped to them on demand.
Some of the marketplaces also offer additional services such as 3D printing on demand, location of commercial 3D print shops, associated software for model rendering and dynamic viewing of items using packages such as Sketchfab. The most widely used 3D printable file formats as of 2020 are STL, OBJ file, AMF, and 3MF. [4] [5]
Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model used for 3D printing. The manual modeling process of preparing geometric data for 3D computer graphics is similar to plastic arts such as sculpting. 3D scanning is a process of collecting digital data on the shape and appearance of a real object, creating a digital model based on it.
MyMiniFactory - 3D printing marketplace; CAD library - 3D repository to download 3D models; Fused filament fabrication - 3D printing process that uses a continuous filament of a thermoplastic material; Qlone - 3D scanning app based on photogrammetry for creation of 3D models on mobile devices that can be 3D printed; Metal injection molding
Model-based enterprise (MBE) is a term used in manufacturing, to describe a strategy where an annotated digital three-dimensional (3D) model of a product serves as the authoritative information source for all activities in that product's lifecycle. [1] [2] A key advantage of MBE is that it replaces digital drawings.
3D printing allows to prototype more successfully, thus companies are saving time and money as significant volumes of parts can be produced in a short period. There is great potential for 3D printing to revolutionise supply chains, hence more companies are using it. The main challenge that 3D printing faces is the change of people's mindset.