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Very early cars had a design flaw in their front suspension which caused dangerous handling. While it was corrected before full-scale sales began, the Marina was still criticized for its poor handling, road holding, and refinement. The Daily Telegraph included the Marina on its list of "10 Cars That Should Have Never Been Produced". [52]
Speed wobble (also known as shimmy, tank-slapper, [1] or death wobble) is a rapid side-to-side shaking of a vehicle's wheel(s) that occurs at high speeds and can lead to loss of control. It presents as a quick (4–10 Hz) oscillation of primarily the steerable wheel(s), and is caused by a combination of factors, including initial disturbances ...
Height adjustable suspension is a feature of certain automobile suspension systems that allow the motorist to vary the ride height or ground clearance. This can be done for various reasons including giving better ground clearance over rough terrain, a lower ground clearance to improve performance and fuel economy at high speed, [1] or for stylistic reasons.
This was an interconnected suspension, with torsion bars that ran along each side of the frame, connecting the front wheel to the rear (on the same side). Because this system is so affected by load, a supplemental, electronic leveling system was added, which uses a level sensor and a single motor to load/unload a pair of auxiliary bars to ...
Swing axles can also be used on as a low cost and durable independent suspension solution for non-driven front or rear axles, the Tatra 17 which had swing axles front and rear being an early example. It was also used in early aircraft (1910 or before), such as the Sopwith and Fokker , usually with rubber bungee and no damping.
During a bump, both wheels rise together. When rolling as the car leans during a curve, the inside suspension extends and the outside suspension compresses. Typically this produces "toe in" on one wheel, and "toe out" on the other, thus producing a steering effect. Cars with rear live axles, also known as solid axles, tend to not have true bump ...
Torsion bar suspension inside Leopard 2 Schematic of a front axle highlighted to show torsion bar. A torsion bar suspension, also known as a torsion spring suspension, is any vehicle suspension that uses a torsion bar as its main weight-bearing spring. One end of a long metal bar is attached firmly to the vehicle chassis; the opposite end ...
As such, push-rod suspension systems allow for much greater high-speed stability, much lower levels of body-roll, and a much lower centre of gravity for the vehicle. [7] For pull-rod suspension systems, the only difference is the orientation of the rocker arms. In a push-rod system, the rocker arms are placed at the highest point in the assembly.