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The prime minister of Japan is the country's head of government and the leader of the Cabinet. This is a list of prime ministers of Japan, from when the first Japanese prime minister (in the modern sense), Itō Hirobumi, took office in 1885, until the present day. 32 prime ministers under the Meiji Constitution had a mandate from the Emperor.
Shinzo Abe is the longest-serving prime minister with over eight years on two separate occasions, while Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni is the shortest-serving at eight weeks. Katsura Tarō was the longest-serving prime minister in the Imperial period (1885–1947) and the only person to have served on three separate occasions.
Born on 1 April 1870, Hamaguchi Osachi was the first prime minister born after the establishment of the Empire of Japan. Born on 6 December 1948, Yoshihide Suga was the first prime minister born after the establishment of the post-war state of Japan. The number of prime ministers per provinces and prefectures in which they were born are:
5 Second Itō Cabinet: 8 August 1892 () 18 September 1896 () Itō Hirobumi [note 1] None (Alliance with the Liberal Party after the First Sino-Japanese War) 6 Second Matsukata Cabinet: 18 September 1896 () 12 January 1898 () Matsukata Masayoshi: Shimpotō. 7 Third Itō Cabinet: 12 January 1898 ()
Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi won the House of Councillors election. 2002: 31 May-30 June: 2002 FIFA World Cup are held in Japan and South Korea. 2003: 9 November: Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi won the general elections at the second time. 9 December: Japan send troops to Iraq during the Iraq War (2003–11).
The prime minister chairs the Cabinet of Japan and has the ability to select and dismiss its ministers of state. The prime minister also serves as the commander-in-chief of the Japan Self Defence Forces [2] and is a sitting member of either house of the National Diet (typically the House of Representatives).
The Japanese government on 1 April 2019 announced the name during a live televised press conference, as Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga traditionally revealed the kanji calligraphy on a board. The Prime Minister Shinzō Abe said that Reiwa represents "a culture being born and nurtured by people coming together beautifully".
The Cabinet Office is different from other ministries and agencies, as it is installed in the Cabinet and includes several Ministers of State called Minister of State for Special Missions. Early on, some argued it was inappropriate to use the name Cabinet Office because "it is an organization that divides and manages administrative affairs and ...