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Speakers vary their speed of speaking according to contextual and physical factors. A typical speaking rate for English is 4 syllables per second, [5] but in different emotional or social contexts the rate may vary, one study reporting a range between 3.3 and 5.9 syl/sec, [6] Another study found significant differences in speaking rate between story-telling and taking part in an interview.
Isochrony is a linguistic analysis or hypothesis assuming that any spoken language's utterances are divisible into equal rhythmic portions of some kind. Under this assumption, languages are proposed to broadly fall into one of two categories based on rhythm or timing: syllable-timed or stress-timed languages [1] (or, in some analyses, a third category: mora-timed languages). [2]
It has often been asserted that languages exhibit regularity in the timing of successive units of speech, a regularity referred to as isochrony, and that every language may be assigned one of three rhythmical types: stress-timed (where the durations of the intervals between stressed syllables is relatively constant), syllable-timed (where the ...
Bounded vs. unbounded: In a bounded language the main stress appears a fixed distance from the word boundary and the secondary stress appears at fixed intervals from other stressed syllables. In an unbounded language the main stress is drawn to 'heavy' syllables (syllables with long vowels and/or consonants at the end of the syllable).
The ability to attend to and distinguish environmental and speech sounds from one another [12] Alertness: Awareness and localization of sounds; Discrimination: Recognize same/different sounds; Memory: Recollection of sounds and sound patterns; Sequencing: Identify order of what was heard; Figure-ground: Isolate one sound from background of ...
Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that studies how humans produce and perceive sounds or, in the case of sign languages, the equivalent aspects of sign. [1] Linguists who specialize in studying the physical properties of speech are phoneticians.
At 6 months, infants are also able to make use of prosodic features of the ambient language to break the speech stream they are exposed to into meaningful units, e.g., they are better able to distinguish sounds that occur in stressed vs. unstressed syllables. [10]
The ENV p rates most important for speech are those below about 16 Hz, corresponding to fluctuations at the rate of syllables. [ 112 ] [ 107 ] [ 113 ] On the other hand, the fundamental frequency (“ pitch ”) contour of speech sounds is primarily conveyed via TFS p cues, [ 107 ] although some information on the contour can be perceived via ...