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The internal jugular vein is a paired jugular vein that collects blood from the brain and the superficial parts of the face and neck. This vein runs in the carotid sheath with the common carotid artery and vagus nerve. It begins in the posterior compartment of the jugular foramen, at the base of the skull.
The left and right external jugular veins drain into the subclavian veins. The internal jugular veins join with the subclavian veins more medially to form the brachiocephalic veins. Finally, the left and right brachiocephalic veins join to form the superior vena cava, which delivers deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart. [2]
The carotid sheath is a condensation of the deep cervical fascia [1]: 578 enveloping multiple vital neurovascular structures of the neck, [2] including the common and internal carotid arteries, the internal jugular vein, the vagus nerve (CN X), and ansa cervicalis. [1]: 578 [2] The carotid sheath helps protects the structures contained therein. [2]
The triangle of Farabeuf is bounded by the internal jugular vein (posterior), common facial vein (anterior-inferior) and hypoglossal nerve (anterior-superior). The jugulodigastric lymph node is commonly found within these boundaries, and drains the pharyngeal tonsil. The triangle had surgical significance in the late 19th century but now serves ...
On the left side, however, the left internal jugular vein approaches and often overlaps the lower part of the artery. Behind the angle of bifurcation of the common carotid artery is a reddish-brown oval body known as the carotid body. It is similar in structure to the coccygeal body which is situated on the median sacral artery.
internal carotid artery: internal carotid plexus, sympathetics from the superior cervical ganglion: temporal: posterior cranial fossa: internal acoustic meatus: 2: labyrinthine artery: facial nerve (VII), vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) temporal: posterior cranial fossa: jugular foramen: 2: internal jugular vein, inferior petrosal sinus, sigmoid ...
Veins have less smooth muscle and connective tissue and wider internal diameters than arteries. Because of their thinner walls and wider lumens they are able to expand and hold more blood. This greater capacity gives them the term of capacitance vessels. At any time, nearly 70% of the total volume of blood in the human body is in the veins. [3]
The Trendelenburg position is also used when placing a central venous catheter in the internal jugular or subclavian vein. The Trendelenburg position uses gravity to assist in the filling and distension of the upper central veins, as well as the external jugular vein. It plays no role in the placement of a femoral central venous catheter. [7]