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  2. Hydroxyapatite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyapatite

    Up to 50% by volume and 70% by weight of human bone is a modified form of hydroxyapatite, known as bone mineral. [7] Carbonated calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite is the main mineral of which dental enamel and dentin are composed. Hydroxyapatite crystals are also found in pathological calcifications such as those found in breast tumors, [8] as ...

  3. Calcium supplement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_supplement

    Microcrystalline hydroxyapatite and ossein-hydroxyapatite are forms of calcium phosphate used as a dietary supplement. [36] Bone meal as a calcium supplementation has largely been discontinued due to concerns of contamination with heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, mercury, and cadmium identified in the 1980s.

  4. Artificial bone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_bone

    The two major components of bone are hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2], and collagen fibers. Hydroxyapatite, which is one of the most stable forms of calcium phosphate, makes up about 60 to 65 percent of the bone. [5] The rest of the bone is composed of materials including chondroitin sulfate, keratan sulfate and lipid. [5]

  5. Bone health - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_health

    Bone Mineral Density (BMD) tends to peak at a young age. When children are younger, they start building up their BMD through their nutrition and through exercise. BMD peaks at around 12.5 years old for girls and around 14 years old for boys. [23] It could be caused by a deficiency in calcium or Vitamin D. Calcium is the main nutrient for bone ...

  6. Bisphosphonate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisphosphonate

    This chemical structure affords a high affinity for calcium hydroxyapatite, allowing for rapid and specific skeletal targeting. Bisphosphonates are a class of drugs that prevent the loss of bone density, used to treat osteoporosis and similar diseases. They are the most commonly prescribed drugs used to treat osteoporosis. [1]

  7. Mineralized tissues - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralized_tissues

    The mineral in bone (known as bone mineral) is hydroxyapatite with a lot of carbonate ions, while the organic portion is made mostly of collagen and some other proteins. The hierarchical structural of bone spans across to a three tiered hierarchy of the collagen molecule itself. [ 14 ]

  8. Bioceramic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioceramic

    Since the elastic modulus values of ceramic materials are generally higher than that of the surrounding bone tissue, the implant can cause mechanical stresses at the bone interface. [10] Calcium phosphates usually found in bioceramics include hydroxyapatite (HAP) Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 (OH) 2; tricalcium phosphate β (β TCP): Ca 3 (PO 4) 2; and ...

  9. Bone grafting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_grafting

    Coral based xenografts are mainly calcium carbonate (and an important proportion of fluorides, useful in the context of grafting to promote bone development) while natural human bone is made of hydroxyapatite along with calcium phosphate and carbonate: the coral material is thus either transformed industrially into hydroxyapatite through a ...

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