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Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, depending on the direction of the current.
A typical Peltier heat pump involves multiple junctions in series, through which a current is driven. Some of the junctions lose heat due to the Peltier effect, while others gain heat. Thermoelectric heat pumps exploit this phenomenon, as do thermoelectric cooling devices found in refrigerators.
The thermal bump pulls heat from one side of the device and transfers it to the other as current is passed through the material. This is known as the Peltier effect. [1] The direction of heating and cooling is determined by the direction of current flow and the sign of the majority electrical carrier in the thermoelectric material ...
Peltier cooling plates / ˈ p ɛ l t i. eɪ / take advantage of the Peltier effect to create a heat flux between the junction of two different conductors of electricity by applying an electric current. [9] This effect is commonly used for cooling electronic components and small instruments.
Thermoelectric generators are all-solid-state devices that do not require any fluids for fuel or cooling, making them non-orientation dependent allowing for use in zero-gravity or deep-sea applications. [17] The solid-state design allows for operation in severe environments.
The efficiency of a thermoelectric device for electricity generation is given by , defined as =.. The maximum efficiency of a thermoelectric device is typically described in terms of its device figure of merit where the maximum device efficiency is approximately given by [7] = + ¯ + ¯ +, where is the fixed temperature at the hot junction, is the fixed temperature at the surface being cooled ...
A thermopile is an electronic device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy. [1] It is composed of several thermocouples connected usually in series or, less commonly, in parallel . Such a device works on the principle of the thermoelectric effect , i.e., generating a voltage when its dissimilar metals (thermocouples) are exposed ...
A dissipation device is attached to the hot side to maintain cooling effect on the cold side. [9] Typically, the use of the Peltier effect as a heat pump device involves multiple junctions in series, through which a current is driven. Some of the junctions lose heat due to the Peltier effect, while others gain heat.
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