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The Al-Otrush Mosque is a 14th-century Mamluk mosque.. The largest religious group in Syria are Sunni Muslims. Sunnis make up about 74% of the population, [7] of whom Arabic-speaking Sunnis form the majority, followed by the Kurds, Turkmens/Turkomans, Circassians, and Palestinians.
A general census of Syria in 1943 gave details of religious groups of the population and the rate of growth of each and estimates of the population in 1953 from an unnamed source were as follows: 1943 census [ 58 ] [ 59 ]
The Assyrians form a multi-denominational Christian minority, mainly in northeastern Syria, where they have been indigenous since the Bronze Age. Muslim minority groups Kurds (Sunni, although a number of Kurds follow the Yarsan religion, Yezidi religion or are converts to Christianity. Arabic-speaking or Turkmen Alawis [6] Sunni and Alevi Turkmens
In recent decades, the population of other religious minorities (particularly Christians and Jews) has decreased, therefore, estimates on the proportion of Sunni Circassians has increased. For example, a more recent estimate suggested that Sunni Circassians formed 1.5% of Syria's population. [13]
Islam is the largest and predominant religion in Syria, comprising 87% of the population. Sunni Muslims make up around 74% of the population [ 11 ] and Sunni Arabs account for 59–60%.
Religious differences in Syria have historically been tolerated, [136] [137] and religious minorities tend to retain distinct cultural, and religious identities. Sunni Islam is the religion of 74% of Syrians. The Alawites, a variety of Shia Islam, make up 12% of the population and mostly live in and around Tartus and Latakia.
The Christian population of Syria comprised 10% of the Syrian population before 2011. [23] Estimates of the number of Christians in Syria in 2022 range from less than 2% to around 2.5% of the total Syrian population. [17] [24] Most Syrians are members of either the Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch (700,000), or the Syriac Orthodox Church.
Druze is the third-largest religion in Syria with 2010 results recording that their adherents made up 3.2 percent of the population. [2] [3] The Druze are concentrated in the rural, mountainous areas east and south of Damascus in the area of Mount Druze. [4] Druze is a monotheistic and Abrahamic religion.