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The Fourth Philippine Republic, also known as the Fourth Republic of the Philippines (Tagalog: Repúbliká ng Pilipinas; Spanish: República de Filipinas), was established after Ferdinand Marcos won the 1981 Philippine presidential election and referendum. Marcos announced the beginning of the Fourth Republic on June 30, during his inauguration ...
The Marcos era includes the final years of the Third Republic (1965–1972), the Philippines under martial law (1972–1981), and the majority of the Fourth Republic (1981–1986). By the end of the Marcos dictatorial era, the country was experiencing a debt crisis, extreme poverty, and severe underemployment. [2] [3]
Second Philippine Republic (October 14, 1943 – August 17, 1945) Third Philippine Republic (July 4, 1946 – January 17, 1973) Fourth Philippine Republic (June 30, 1981 – February 25, 1986) Fifth Philippine Republic (February 2, 1987 – present) The current government in the Philippines is termed Republic of the Philippines.
The seal of the Batasang Pambansa from 1978 to 1986, during which the Philippines had a unicameral legislature. The Batasang Pambansa (English: National Assembly; lit. ' National Legislature '), often referred to simply as the Batasan, [1] was the legislature of the Philippines, established as an interim assembly in 1978 and later as an official body in 1984.
The types of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines have varied throughout the country's history, from heads of ancient chiefdoms, kingdoms and sultanates in the pre-colonial period, to the leaders of Spanish, American, and Japanese colonial governments, until the directly elected president of the modern sovereign state of the Philippines.
Fourth Philippine Republic (3 C, 2 P) Fifth Philippine Republic (6 C, 12 P) This page was last edited on 30 January 2023, at 01:59 (UTC). Text ...
The Philippines was ruled under the Mexico-based Viceroyalty of New Spain. After this, the colony was directly governed by Spain, following Mexico's independence. Spanish rule ended in 1898 with Spain's defeat in the Spanish–American War. The Philippines then became a territory of the United States.
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