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Hypersensitive response (HR) is a mechanism used by plants to prevent the spread of infection by microbial pathogens.HR is characterized by the rapid death of cells in the local region surrounding an infection and it serves to restrict the growth and spread of pathogens to other parts of the plant.
Mimosa pudica in normal and touched state.. In biology, thigmonasty or seismonasty is the nastic (non-directional) response of a plant or fungus to touch or vibration. [1] [2] Conspicuous examples of thigmonasty include many species in the leguminous subfamily Mimosoideae, active carnivorous plants such as Dionaea and a wide range of pollination mechanisms.
Plant cells with visible chloroplasts (from a moss, Plagiomnium affine) The Hill reaction is the light-driven transfer of electrons from water to Hill reagents (non-physiological oxidants) in a direction against the chemical potential gradient as part of photosynthesis. Robin Hill discovered the reaction in 1937.
Plants can protect themselves from abiotic stress in many different ways, and most include a physical change in the plant’s morphology. Phenotypic plasticity is a plant’s ability to alter and adapt its morphology in response to the external environments to protect themselves against stress. [ 2 ]
Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis at the thylakoid membrane. Light-dependent reactions are certain photochemical reactions involved in photosynthesis, the main process by which plants acquire energy. There are two light dependent reactions: the first occurs at photosystem II (PSII) and the second occurs at photosystem I (PSI).
Phototropism in plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana is directed by blue light receptors called phototropins. [13] Other photosensitive receptors in plants include phytochromes that sense red light [14] and cryptochromes that sense blue light. [15] Different organs of the plant may exhibit different phototropic reactions to different wavelengths ...
This enzyme has been studied primarily in plants, but it has been studied in some bacteria as well. [1] It is a key enzyme in gluconeogenesis and photosynthesis that is responsible for reversing the reaction performed by pyruvate kinase in Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas glycolysis.
The desired reaction is the addition of carbon dioxide to RuBP (carboxylation), a key step in the Calvin–Benson cycle, but approximately 25% of reactions by RuBisCO instead add oxygen to RuBP (oxygenation), creating a product that cannot be used within the Calvin–Benson cycle.