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Clubfoot is a congenital or acquired defect where one or both feet are rotated inward and downward. [1] [2] Congenital clubfoot is the most common congenital malformation of the foot with an incidence of 1 per 1000 births. [5]
Potter sequence is the atypical physical appearance of a baby due to oligohydramnios experienced when in the uterus. [1] It includes clubbed feet , pulmonary hypoplasia and cranial anomalies related to the oligohydramnios.
Ultrasound can capture prenatal images of multiple joint dislocations, abnormal positioning of legs and knees, depressed nasal bridge, prominent forehead, and club feet. These symptoms are all associated with Larsen syndrome, so they can be used to confirm that a fetus has the disorder.
Common physical symptoms show a short leg, the ankle and foot being short and deformed, absence of rays and bowing of the tibia. [4] Another physical symptom is the presence of contralateral oligosyndactyly of the hand. [1] Hecht Scott syndrome is also associated with psychosocial morbidity and mortality. [4]
Constriction ring syndrome (CRS) is a congenital disorder with unknown cause. Because of the unknown cause there are many different, and sometimes incorrect, names. It is a malformation due to intrauterine bands or rings that produce deep grooves in (most commonly distal) extremities such as fingers and toes.
Pes cavus can occur from four primary causes: neurological conditions, trauma, undertreated clubfoot, or idiopathic with other underlining conditions. [9]Bilateral presentation (i.e., in both feet) often occurs due to a hereditary or congenital source, whereas a unilateral presentation (i.e., in one foot) is often the result of trauma.
This condition is also characterized by an unusual clubfoot with twisting of the metatarsals, inward and upward-turning foot, tarsus varus and inversion adducted appearances. Furthermore, they classically present with scoliosis (progressive curvature of the spine ) and unusually positioned thumbs ( hitchhiker's thumbs ).
Adducted thumb syndrome recessive form is a rare disease affecting multiple systems causing malformations of the palate, thumbs, and upper limbs.The name Christian syndrome derives from Joe. C. Christian, the first person to describe the condition.