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The Indian-head test pattern is a test card that gained widespread adoption during the black-and-white television broadcasting era as an aid in the calibration of television equipment. It features a drawing of a Native American wearing a headdress surrounded by numerous graphic elements designed to test different aspects of broadcast display.
Test cards typically contain a set of patterns to enable television cameras and receivers to be adjusted to show the picture correctly (see SMPTE color bars).Most modern test cards include a set of calibrated color bars which will produce a characteristic pattern of "dot landings" on a vectorscope, allowing chroma and tint to be precisely adjusted between generations of videotape or network feeds.
A precursor to the SMPTE test pattern was conceived by Norbert D. Larky (1927–2018) [5] [6] and David D. Holmes (1926–2006) [7] [8] of RCA Laboratories and first published in RCA Licensee Bulletin LB-819 on February 7, 1951. U.S. patent 2,742,525 Color Test Pattern Generator (now expired) was awarded on April 17, 1956, to Larky and Holmes. [9]
Off-air screen capture of BBC Test Card F, as seen on BBC1 between 17 February 1991 and 4 October 1997. Test Card F is a test card that was created by the BBC and used on television in the United Kingdom and in countries elsewhere in the world for more than four decades.
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Displayed image geometry (image centering, correct proportions of the circle, etc.) can also be corrected. More technical adjustments are also possible. Main technical features of the test card: Circle with b/w and colour information Square wave – repeating black and white (75% amplitude) blocks resembling a (same amplitude as the colour bar);
The EIA 1956 Resolution Chart [1] [2] (until 1975 called RETMA Resolution Chart 1956) is a test card originally designed in 1956 to be used with black and white analogue TV systems, [3] [4] based on the previous (and very similar) RMA 1946 Resolution Chart.
Finally, stations may show a test card, [2] station logo, a loop of the station ident, a black screen, or a static schedule (telling viewers of the programming line-up once broadcasting resumes), usually with a monotone sound or a relay of a radio station: some stations may show a sequence of teletext pages, while others may use a promotional ...