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In computing and in embedded systems, a programmable interval timer (PIT) is a counter that generates an output signal when it reaches a programmed count. The output signal may trigger an interrupt .
This frequency, divided by 2 16 (the largest divisor the 8253 is capable of) produces the ≈18.2 Hz timer interrupt used in MS-DOS and related operating systems. In the original IBM PCs, Counter 0 is used to generate a timekeeping interrupt. Counter 1 is used to trigger the refresh of DRAM memory. Counter 2 is used to generate tones via the PC ...
The PSoC 4 features a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M0 CPU, with programmable analog blocks (operational amplifiers and comparators), programmable digital blocks (PLD-based UDBs), programmable routing and flexible GPIO (route any function to any pin), a serial communication block (for SPI, UART, I²C), a timer/counter/PWM block and more.
In addition to the converters, many embedded microprocessors include a variety of timers as well. One of the most common types of timers is the programmable interval timer (PIT). A PIT may either count down from some value to zero, or up to the capacity of the count register, overflowing to zero.
Time-triggered systems can be viewed as a subset of a more general event-triggered (ET) system architecture (see event-driven programming).. Implementation of an ET system will typically involve use of multiple interrupts, each associated with specific periodic events (such as timer overflows) or aperiodic events (such as the arrival of messages over a communication bus at random points in time).
Modulus counter – counts through a particular number of states. Decade counter – modulus ten counter (counts through ten states). Up/down counter – counts up and down, as directed by a control input, or by the use of separate "up" and "down" clocks. Ring counter – formed by a "circular" shift register. Johnson counter – a twisted ring ...
Some very low-cost home computers or embedded systems that lack a physical UART may instead emulate the protocol with software by sampling the state of an input port or directly manipulating an output port for data transmission. While very CPU-intensive (since the CPU timing is critical), the UART chip can thus be omitted, saving money and space.
RTC_A/B are 32-bit hardware counter modules that provide clock counters with a calendar, a flexible programmable alarm, and calibration. The RTC_B includes a switchable battery backup system that provides the ability for the RTC to operate when the primary supply fails. 16-bit timers; Timer_A, Timer_B and Timer_D are asynchronous 16-bit timers ...
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