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The Natives (Urban Areas) Act of 1923 deemed urban areas in South Africa as "white" and required all black African men in cities and towns to carry around permits called "passes" at all times. Anyone found without a pass would be arrested immediately and sent to a rural area.
Group Areas Act was the title of three acts of the Parliament of South Africa enacted under the apartheid government of South Africa. The acts assigned racial groups to different residential and business sections in urban areas in a system of urban apartheid. An effect of the law was to exclude people of colour from living in the most developed ...
Municipal annexation is a process by which a municipality acquires new territory, [1] most commonly by expanding its boundaries into an adjacent unincorporated area. This has been a common response of cities to urbanization in neighboring areas. It may be done because the neighboring urban areas seek municipal services or because a city seeks ...
An urban area [a] is a human settlement with a high population density and an infrastructure of built environment. This is the core of a metropolitan statistical area in the United States, if it contains a population of more than 50,000. [1] Urban areas originate through urbanization, and researchers categorize them as cities, towns ...
Urban growth boundary. An urban growth boundary (UGB) is a regional boundary, set in an attempt to control urban sprawl by, in its simplest form, mandating that the area inside the boundary be used for urban development and the area outside be preserved in its natural state or used for agriculture. Legislating for an urban growth boundary is ...
Zoning is a law that divides a jurisdiction's land into districts, or zones, and limits how land in each district can be used. [1][2] In the United States, zoning includes various land use laws enforced through the police power rights of state governments and local governments to exercise authority over privately owned real property.
The controlled movement of black and Coloured workers within the country caused by the Natives Urban Areas Act of 1923 and restrictive 'pass laws' separated family members from one another. This occurred because the apartheid system perceived that men could prove their employment in urban centres while most women were merely dependents ...
The Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965 ( Pub. L. 89–117, 79 Stat. 451) is a major revision to federal housing policy in the United States which instituted several major expansions in federal housing programs. The United States Congress passed and President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the legislation on August 10, 1965. [ 1]