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A recent example of brand architecture in action [6] is the reorganization of the General Motors brand portfolio to reflect its new strategy. Prior to bankruptcy, the company pursued a corporate-endorsed hybrid brand architecture structure, where GM underpinned every brand.
The precise origins of the positioning concept are unclear. Cano (2003), Schwartzkopf (2008), and others have argued that the concepts of market segmentation and positioning were central to the tacit knowledge that informed brand advertising from the 1920s, but did not become codified in marketing textbooks and journal articles until the 1950s and 60s.
Brand awareness is the extent to which customers are able to recall or recognize a brand under different conditions. [1] Brand awareness is one of two dimensions from brand knowledge, an associative network memory model. [2] It is a key consideration in consumer behavior, advertising management, and brand management. The consumer's ability to ...
Branding was more widely used in the 19th century, following the industrial revolution, and the development of new professions like marketing, manufacturing and business management formalized the study of brands and branding as a key business activity. [2] Branding is a way of differentiating product from mere commodities, and therefore the use ...
Miles and Snow identify three types of competitive strategies, those adopted by defender, analyzer and prospector types of organization, and a fourth, non-strategic type of organization, whose competitive behaviour is reactive to the perceived environmental conditions within which it operates. [2]
In marketing, the unique selling proposition (USP), also called the unique selling point or the unique value proposition (UVP) in the business model canvas, is the marketing strategy of informing customers about how one's own brand or product is superior to its competitors (in addition to its other values). [1]
Individual branding, also called individual product branding, flanker brands or multibranding, is "a branding strategy in which products are given brand names that are newly created and generally not connected to names of existing brands offered by the company."
Businesses using this strategy are most successful when a product or service: Is associated with a brand that has a powerful and likeable brand image (i.e., designer fashion brands) [3] Is competing within a niche market [3] Is operating where there are product shortages (i.e., an ice-cream pop-up shop at an outdoor festival) [3]