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The BK virus, also known as Human polyomavirus 1, is a member of the polyomavirus family. Past infection with the BK virus is widespread, [ 1 ] but significant consequences of infection are uncommon, with the exception of the immunocompromised and the immunosuppressed .
Polyomaviridae is a family of viruses whose natural hosts are primarily mammals and birds. [1] [2] As of 2024, there are eight recognized genera. [3]Fourteen species are known to infect humans, while others, such as Simian Virus 40, have been identified in humans to a lesser extent.
Human polyomavirus 2, commonly referred to as the JC virus or John Cunningham virus, is a type of human polyomavirus (formerly known as papovavirus). [3] It was identified by electron microscopy in 1965 by ZuRhein and Chou, [ 4 ] and by Silverman and Rubinstein.
Among sequenced BK virus genomes, agnoprotein is the most variable viral protein in amino acid sequence. [3] Differences in tissue tropism and in viral life cycle, particularly in viral exit from the host cell, have also been proposed as explanations for the presence or absence of agnoprotein in various human polyomaviruses. [14]
Public health experts are warning of a ‘quad-demic’ this winter. Here’s where flu, COVID, RSV, and norovirus are spreading
“While the overall risk of contracting a virus from frozen berries remains relatively low, the persistence of viruses like norovirus and hepatitis A in frozen conditions is concerning,” says ...
Adenovirus (particularly serotypes 11 and 21 of subgroup B) is the most common cause of acute viral hemorrhagic cystitis in children, though it can result from BK virus as well. A chemical hemorrhagic cystitis can develop when vaginal products are inadvertently placed in the urethra.
Flu A and flu B are the most common strains of the flu that circulate in humans. The U.S. is currently in the middle of flu season, with a high number of cases reported across the country.