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The radius is part of two joints: the elbow and the wrist. At the elbow, it joins with the capitulum of the humerus, and in a separate region, with the ulna at the radial notch. At the wrist, the radius forms a joint with the ulna bone. The corresponding bone in the lower leg is the tibia.
Type II: Notch is a blunted V-shape occupying the middle third of the superior border. Type III: Notch is U-shaped with nearly parallel margins. Type IV: Notch is V-shaped and very small. A shallow groove is frequently formed for the suprascapular nerve adjacent to the notch. Type V: Notch is minimal and U-shaped with a partially ossified ligament.
The head of the radius has a cylindrical form, and on its upper surface is a shallow cup or fovea for articulation with the capitulum of the humerus. The circumference of the head is smooth; it is broad medially where it articulates with the radial notch of the ulna , narrow in the rest of its extent, which is embraced by the annular ligament .
De Quervain syndrome causes pain over the styloid process of the radius. [3] [4] This is due to the passage of the inflamed extensor pollicis brevis tendon and abductor pollicis longus tendon around it. [4] [5] The styloid process of the radius is a useful landmark during arthroscopic resection of the scaphoid bone. [6]
The radial notch of the ulna (lesser sigmoid cavity) is a narrow, oblong, articular depression on the lateral side of the coronoid process; it receives the circumferential articular surface of the head of the radius. It is concave from before backward, and its prominent extremities serve for the attachment of the annular ligament.
It occurs between the circumference of the head of the radius and the ring formed by the radial notch of the ulna and the annular ligament. [2] The interosseous membrane of the forearm and the annular ligament stabilise the joint. [2] A number of nerves run close to the proximal radioulnar joint, including: median nerve; musculocutaneous nerve ...
Lister's tubercle is found on the dorsal distal radius. [1] It varies in size and shape significantly. [2] [3] It can range from around 2 to 6 mm in height (averaging 3 mm), and around 6 to 26 mm in length (averaging 13 mm). [2] [3] Lister's tubercle consists of two peaks including radial peak and ulnar peak. [4]
The carpal bones function as a unit to provide a bony superstructure for the hand. [5]: 708 The scaphoid is also involved in movement of the wrist. [1]: 6 It, along with the lunate bone, articulates with the radius and ulna to form the major bones involved in movement of the wrist. [5]