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Fiber-optic communication remains the medium of choice for Internet backbone providers for several reasons. Fiber-optics allow for fast data speeds and large bandwidth, suffer relatively little attenuation — allowing them to cover long distances with few repeaters — and are immune to crosstalk and other forms of electromagnetic interference.
A terrestrial cable is a communications cable which crosses land, rather than water. Terrestrial cable may be subterranean (buried) or aerial (suspended from poles ), and may be fiber or copper . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The term "terrestrial cable" is principally used to distinguish it from submarine cable , [ 3 ] although some overlap exists between the two.
Schematic representation of the tree topology of retail distribution networks. The "last mile" links are represented by the fine lines at the bottom. The increasing worldwide demand for rapid, low-latency and high-volume communication of information to homes and businesses has made economical information distribution and delivery increasingly important.
where s is the distance and c m is the speed of light in the medium (roughly 200,000 km/s for most fiber or electrical media, depending on their velocity factor). This approximately means an additional millisecond round-trip delay (RTT) per 100 km (or 62 miles) of distance between hosts. Other delays also occur in intermediate nodes.
The transmission media (often referred to in the literature as the physical medium) used to link devices to form a computer network include electrical cable, optical fiber, and free space. In the OSI model, the software to handle the media is defined at layers 1 and 2 — the physical layer and the data link layer.
Ethernet over fiber is a networking technology that delivers Ethernet bandwidth ranging up to 400 Gbit/s using optical fiber lines. Such wired transmission methods extend connectivity over long distances up to 200 km, support higher bitrates and provide far greater immunity from electromagnetic interference (EMI) than electrical connections.
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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 19 January 2025. Cable assembly containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light A TOSLINK optical fiber cable with a clear jacket. These cables are used mainly for digital audio connections between devices. A fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-fiber cable, is an assembly ...