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Acrylamide (or acrylic amide) is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH 2 =CHC(O)NH 2.It is a white odorless solid, soluble in water and several organic solvents. From the chemistry perspective, acrylamide is a vinyl-substituted primary amide (CONH 2).
The reaction proceeds via N-hydroxymethylacrylamide, which can be detected in alkaline solution and decomposes in acid to give N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide. Using acrylamide and paraformaldehyde in 1,2-dichloroethane gives a clear solution upon heating, from which MBA crystallizes.
AMPS is made by the Ritter reaction of acrylonitrile and isobutylene in the presence of sulfuric acid and water. [2] The recent patent literature [3] describes batch and continuous processes that produce AMPS in high purity (to 99.7%) and improved yield (up to 89%, based on isobutene) with the addition of liquid isobutene to an acrylonitrile / sulfuric acid / phosphoric acid mixture at 40°C.
The polymerization reaction creates a gel because of the added bisacrylamide, which can form cross-links between two acrylamide molecules. The ratio of bisacrylamide to acrylamide can be varied for special purposes, but is generally about 1 part in 35. The acrylamide concentration of the gel can also be varied, generally in the range from 5% to ...
Roast pork, browned using the Maillard reaction The preparation of French fries at high temperature can lead to the formation of acrylamide. [6] The browning reactions that occur when meat is roasted or seared are complex and occur mostly by Maillard browning [11] with contributions from other chemical reactions, including the breakdown of the ...
A wide range of grafting combinations were attempted including work with acrylic acid, acrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Today's research has proved the ability of natural materials, e.g. polysaccharides and proteins, to perform super absorbent properties in pure water and saline solution (0.9%wt.) within the same range as synthetic ...
The synthesis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) began with the synthesis of the acrylamide monomer by Sprecht in 1956. [13] In 1957, Shearer patented the first application for what would be later identified as PNIPA for the use as a rodent repellent. [14] Early work was piqued by theoretical curiosity of the material properties of PNIPA.
Alcohol oxidation is a collection of oxidation reactions in organic chemistry that convert alcohols to aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters. The reaction mainly applies to primary and secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohols form ketones, while primary alcohols form aldehydes or carboxylic acids. [1] A variety of oxidants can be used.