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Depending on the sum total of many individual inputs, summation may or may not reach the threshold voltage to trigger an action potential. [1] Neurotransmitters released from the terminals of a presynaptic neuron fall under one of two categories, depending on the ion channels gated or modulated by the neurotransmitter receptor.
A broken finger or finger fracture is a common type of bone fracture, affecting a finger. [1] Symptoms may include pain, swelling, tenderness, bruising, deformity and reduced ability to move the finger. [2] Although most finger fractures are easy to treat, failing to deal with a fracture appropriately may result in long-term pain and disability ...
Chauffeur's fracture, also known as Hutchinson fracture, is a type of intraarticular oblique fracture of the radial styloid process in the forearm. [1] The injury is typically caused by compression of the scaphoid bone of the hand against the styloid process of the distal radius. It can be caused by falling onto an outstretched hand.
The radius and scaphoid articulate deep to the snuffbox to form the basis of the wrist joint. In the event of a fall onto an outstretched hand (FOOSH), this is the area through which the brunt of the force will focus. This results in these two bones being the most often fractured of the wrist.
Arthritis of the hand is common in females. Osteoarthritis of the hand joints is much less common than rheumatoid arthritis. As the arthritis progresses, the finger gets deformed and lose its functions. Moreover, many patients with rheumatoid arthritis have this dysfunction present in both hands and become disabled due to chronic pain ...
A boxer's fracture is the break of the fifth metacarpal bone of the hand near the knuckle. [4] Occasionally, it is used to refer to fractures of the fourth metacarpal as well. [1] Symptoms include pain and a depressed knuckle. [2] Classically, it occurs after a person hits an object with a closed fist. [3]
A hand imitating an ulnar claw. The metacarpophalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th fingers are extended and the Interphalangeal joints of the same fingers are flexed.. An ulnar claw, also known as claw hand or Spinster’s Claw, is a deformity or an abnormal attitude of the hand that develops due to ulnar nerve damage causing paralysis of the lumbricals.
Complete fractures, where the bone is completely broken, are unstable. In a complete fracture the bone can be misaligned. [4] For a complete fracture, a closed fractures are those in which the skin and tissue lying over the bone is intact. An open fracture (exposed bone) is a serious injury. [4]