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The Adcock antenna array has been widely used commercially, and implemented in vertical antenna heights ranging from over 40 m (130 feet) in the LFR network, to as small as 13 cm (5 inches) in tactical direction finding applications (receiving in the UHF band). [5] [6] (pp 88–89)
The Adcock antenna array uses a pair of monopole or dipole antennas that takes the vector difference of the received signal at each antenna so that there is only one output from each pair of antennas. Two of these pairs are co-located but perpendicularly oriented to produce what can be referred to as the N–S (North-South) and E–W (East-West ...
The AN/FRD-10 is a United States Navy circularly disposed antenna array (CDAA), built at a number of locations during the Cold War for high frequency radio direction finding and signals intelligence. In the Joint Electronics Type Designation System , FRD stands for fixed ground, radio, direction finding. 14 sites were originally constructed as ...
Circularly-disposed antenna array (CDAA) - An antenna array with the elements arranged in a large circle. CDAAs are used for direction-finding and triangulation of errant radio signals, such as for airspace monitoring and broadcasting enforcement. The appearance of these imposing structures have earned them the nickname "elephant cages".
Direction-finding system Galeta Island, Panama. A circularly disposed antenna array (CDAA), sometimes referred to as a circularly disposed dipole array (CDDA) or a wullenweber, [1] is a large circular antenna array used for radio direction finding.
Phase-comparison monopulse is a technique used in radio frequency (RF) applications such as radar and direction finding to accurately estimate the direction of arrival of a signal from the phase difference of the signal measured on two (or more) separated antennas [1] or more typically from displaced phase centers of an array antenna.
More modern aviation ADFs contain a small array of fixed aerials and use electronic sensors to deduce the direction using the strength and phase of the signals from each aerial. The electronic sensors listen for the trough that occurs when the antenna is at right angles to the signal, and provide the heading to the station using a direction ...
The AN/FLR-9 is a type of very large circularly disposed antenna array, built at eight locations during the Cold War for HF/DF direction finding of high priority targets. The worldwide network, known collectively as "Iron Horse", could locate HF communications almost anywhere on Earth.
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