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Selenium deficiency occurs when an organism lacks the required levels of selenium, a critical nutrient in many species.Deficiency, although relatively rare in healthy well-nourished individuals, [1] can have significant negative results, [2] affecting the health of the heart and the nervous system; contributing to depression, anxiety, and dementia; and interfering with reproduction and gestation.
Mineral deficiency is a lack of the dietary minerals, the micronutrients that are needed for an organism's proper health. [1] The cause may be a poor diet , impaired uptake of the minerals that are consumed, or a dysfunction in the organism's use of the mineral after it is absorbed.
It may be treated with selenium supplementation, but there is a 30–45% mortality rate. [7] Other sequelae include aspiration pneumonia, failure of passive transfer, and stunting of growth. Clinical laboratory changes include evidence of rhabdomyolysis (elevated CK and AST, myoglobinuria ) and low blood selenium levels.
iodine deficiency / iodism (hyperthyroidism [31]) Molybdenum: 0.045 2; 0.6 Required for the functioning of xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and sulfite oxidase [32] Legumes, whole grains, nuts [29] molybdenum deficiency / molybdenum toxicity [33] Selenium: 0.055 0.4; 0.3 Essential to activity of antioxidant enzymes like glutathione peroxidase
Selenium is a component of the amino acids selenocysteine and selenomethionine. In humans, selenium is a trace element nutrient that functions as cofactor for glutathione peroxidases and certain forms of thioredoxin reductase. [1] Selenium-containing proteins are produced from inorganic selenium via the intermediacy of selenophosphate (PSeO 3 3 ...
The biology of depression is the attempt to identify a biochemical origin of depression, as opposed to theories that emphasize psychological or situational causes. Scientific studies have found that different brain areas show altered activity in humans with major depressive disorder (MDD) . [ 1 ]
Copper deficiency, or hypocupremia, is defined as insufficient copper to meet the body's needs, or as a serum copper level below the normal range. [1] Symptoms may include fatigue , decreased red blood cells , early greying of the hair, and neurological problems presenting as numbness , tingling, muscle weakness, and ataxia . [ 2 ]
Selenium is found in metal sulfide ores, where it substitutes for sulfur. Commercially, selenium is produced as a byproduct in the refining of these ores. Minerals that are pure selenide or selenate compounds are rare. The chief commercial uses for selenium today are glassmaking and pigments. Selenium is a semiconductor and is used in photocells.